By using Northern analysis of the 3''terminal noncoding region of AtJ2 and AtJ3 genes obtained by PCR, it was found that AtJ2 and AtJ3 genes were constitutively expressed in Arabidopsis roots, stems, leaves, flower buds, flowers and silique. They were expressed during the whole growth phase, but the mRNA level decreased slowly with the senescing of plants. Heat shock at 37 degrees C and cold stress at 2 degrees C induced an increase in mRNA level of AtJ2 and AtJ3, but the temporal characteristics of expression of AtJ2 and AtJ3 genes demonstrated that the response of the two genes to cold stress was much slower than that to heat shock. The expression of AtJ2 and AtJ3 genes was up-regulated slightly by water stress. Salt stress had no effect on the expression of AtJ2 and AtJ3 in the experiments. These results indicate that the expression of AtJ2 and AtJ3 genes is involved in response to many environmental stresses except salt stress.

To develop a method for acquisition of efficient and stable retroviral packaging cells on the basis of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) technique.

To study the effect of insulin, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and dexamethasone (DEX) on 550 bp (-600 -/+ 69) fragment of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene promoter by reporter gene.

Ethylene and PG (polygalacturonase) are both key plant growth regulators in fruit ripening process. The expression of PG was markedly inhibited in either antisense ACS tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Lichun) where endogenous ethylene synthesis was suppressed, or in Nr mutant in which ethylene perception was severely damaged. Also, the PG activities in fruits of these mutants were significantly lower than that of wild-type tomato (Fig. 1B). PG gene expression was promoted in mature green tomato fruit by exogenous ethylene 100 microL/L treatment for 4 h, and was inhibited significantly in breaking tomato fruit after being treated with 1-MCP (1-methylcycloprane) 1 microL/L, a specific ethylene reception inhibitor. Ethylene production of antisense PG tomato fruit during 45-50 DAP was lower than that of wild-type tomato (Fig. 4), and the level of transcriptional expression of both the ethylene receptor gene LeETR4 and the ethylene response factor gene LeERF2 were lower in this transgenic tomato fruit (Fig. 5). Ethylene production and the expression of LeETR4 and LeERF2 were both promoted by treatments with D-GA 100 mg/L, a product of enzymatic degradation of PG, in immature tomato fruit (Fig. 6 and Fig. 7). The relationship of PG and ethylene in tomato fruit in this study provided forceful evidences to support the mechanism by which PG and ethylene synergistically regulated climacteric fruit ripening and softening.

PTP1B is a ubiquitously expressed intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase. Several lines of evidence support an important role for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B) in metabolism, and specially in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Overexpression of PTP1B protein has been observed in insulin-resistant states associated with obesity. PTP1B is a negative regulator of insulin and leptin signaling, PTP1B inhibitors might be efficacious in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity by increasing insulin and leptin sensitivity.

An EST related to the gene PCD was isolated from SSH (suppression subtractive hybridization) library of callus tissues of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Primers were designed to obtain its complete cDNA encoding putative apoptosis-related protein from Shanyou 63 (Oryza sativa L.). Sequencing indicated that the gene contained a 387 bp open reading frame, which encodes a protein containing 128 aa. Sequence alignment showed that the deduced protein is highly homologous to the known PDCD5. Real time quantitative PCR was performed to reveal that rPDCD5 was up-regulated in abiotic stress (low temperature and NaCl treatment).

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a prostate cancer marker is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease which is expressed primarily by both normal prostate epithelium and the vast majority of prostate cancers. PSA expression is tightly regulated by androgen through the activation of androgen receptor. However, in the absence of androgens, PSA gene expression can become elevated. This suggests that either the AR can be activated in the absence of androgen to elevate PSA gene expression or that another transcription factor acting on the PSA promoter is stimulated. This article reviews the research on the structure of the PSA promoter and enhancer and the mechanisms of the PSA expression.

To study the effect of allicin on cell cycle of human gastric cancer cell lines, MGC-803 and SGC-7901, and its possible mechanisms.

To investigate the influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in HepG-2 cells and the mechanism possibly involved.

In order to determine the involvement of CALM-AF10 fusion transcripted in primary leukaemias with t(10;11) and its chemotherapy sensitivity in vitro, the AF10-CALM fusion transcripts were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the chemotherapy sensitivity testing in vitro was undergone by MTT assay in five t(10;11) leukemia samples from patients with ALL, AML and lymphoblastic lymphoma. The results showed that five different-sized AF10-CALM product and four different-sized CALM-AF10 products were detected. The chemotherapy sensitivity of leukemic cells with t(10;11) in vitro to drugs is lower than that of leukemic cells without t(10;11). 3 out of 5 cases of t(10;11) leukemia were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, while 31 out of 36 cases of leukemia without t(10;11) were sensitive at same condition. There were significant differences (P < 0.01), consistent with clinical features of patients. Apoptosis rate of leukemic cells with t(10;11) induced by chemotherapeutic drugs was lower than that of leukemic cells without t(10;11), (16.37 +/- 2.56)%, and (33.75 +/- 5.59)%, respectively (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the CALM-AF10 fusion transcripts are a common features and are involved in the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies with t(10;11), and are associated with a poor prognosis.

To screen and identify the differentially expressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells SMMC-7721 responsing to the aqueous extract from dried powdered rhizomes of Typhonium giganteum (AEoTGE).

To explore the role of MAPK signal transduction pathway in killing tumor cells by Mycobacteria tuberculosis antigen (Mtb-Ag) activated human gammadeltaT cells.

Treatment with mercuric chloride (0.01%), salicylic acid (10.0 mg/mL) or riboflavin (1 mmol/L) induced the beta-1, 3-glucanase activity in all the three wheat varieties i.e. 331, Kangdao 680 and Lumai 23 tested, with the strongest inductive effect on variety 331 by treatment with mercuric chloride (0.01%) for 24 h. From leaves of variety 331 treated with mercuric chloride (0.01%) for 24 h, a kind of beta-1, 3-glucanase was purified by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulphate, Phenyl-Sepharose chromatography (Phenyl-Sepharose Fast Flow), ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow) and gel-filtration chromatography (Sephacryl S-100). Through SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, the molecular weight of the purified beta-1, 3-glucanase was determined to be about 52.0-53.6 kD. The purified beta-1, 3-glucanase showed antifungal activity against both Alternaria longipes and Rhizoctonia cerealis on tested plates, and inhibited the germ tube elongation and spore germination of Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium omysporum f.sp cucumerinum.

Recent research progress on regulation network and biological roles of LFY gene in Arabidopsis thaliana and its homologue genes in floral development are reviewed emphatically in the present paper. LFY gene expresses widely in both vegetative and reproductive tissues in different higher plants, therefore investigation on role of LFY gene on flowering is of general significance. LFY gene plays an important role to promote flower formation by interaction and coordination with other genes,such as TFL, EMF, AP1, AP2, CAL, FWA, FT, AP3, PI, AG, UFO, CO, LD, GA1 etc, and a critical level of LFY expression is essential. LFY gene not only controls flowering-time and floral transition,but also plays an important role in inflorescence and floral organ development. It was situated at the central site in gene network of flowering regulation,positively or negatively regulates the level or activities of flowering-related genes. Some physiological factors, such as carbon sources, phytohormones, affect directly or indirectly the expression and actions of LFY gene. This indicates that level of LFY expression can also be regulated with physiological methods. It is probable that we can explain the principal mechanism of flowering by regulation network of LFY gene.

To explore the effects of cytokines on human leukemic cell line K562/S and its multidrug-resistant counterpart K562/A02.

To illustrate mechanisms of arsenic trioxide(As2O3) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

To investigate the prophylactic, blocking and therapeutic effects of Allitridin on inhibiting HCMV proliferation by measuring the expression level of HCMV IEA in vitro and explore the mechanism of Allitridin anti-HCMVactivity.

Seven preparations of different species of Chinese herb Phyllarthus with different formulations and additives were studied for their ability to inhibit hepatitis B virus DNA replication, that is the HBsAg and HBeAg expression in a HBV DNA-transfected cell line (2.2.15 cell). The results showed that all the drugs were effectively against HBV replication in vitro. Capsule 1 and tuo cha zhen zhu cao were found to be the most potent anti-HBV extracts of those examined. Both extracts decreased HBaAg expression by nearly 100% at the concentration of 500 mg/L without toxicity on cell growth. Southern blot showed that Capsule 1 inhibited HBV DNA replication in a dose-dependent manner. We observed further, that under similar dosage the drug inhibition to HBsAg and HBeAg expression was lower than that to HBV DNA replication, suggesting that the production of progeny virus particles not only were inhibited at the level of HBV DNA synthesis, but also was affected probably at the level of translation of viral mRNA.

To clarify whether nicotine affected the early embryo development, the paper investigated the influence of nicotine on embryonic stem (ES) cells specific gene Oct-4.

Tumor multidrug-resistance (MDR) is a major factor in chemotherapeutic failure. In recent years, the development of anti-MDR has become an important focus in research. The mechanisms of MDR relate to P-glycoprotein, MRP1, apoptosis, the unusual DNA repair, the organic micro-environment, and so on. This review summarized the advances in MDR mechanism research. At the same time, it summarized the recent research of traditional Chinese medicine in reversing MDR. Furthermore, their mechanisms and major features of actions were also discussed.