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237. Malignant Transformation of Hymenolepis nana in a Human Host.
作者: Atis Muehlenbachs.;Julu Bhatnagar.;Carlos A Agudelo.;Alicia Hidron.;Mark L Eberhard.;Blaine A Mathison.;Michael A Frace.;Akira Ito.;Maureen G Metcalfe.;Dominique C Rollin.;Govinda S Visvesvara.;Cau D Pham.;Tara L Jones.;Patricia W Greer.;Alejandro Vélez Hoyos.;Peter D Olson.;Lucy R Diazgranados.;Sherif R Zaki.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2015年373卷19期1845-52页
Neoplasms occur naturally in invertebrates but are not known to develop in tapeworms. We observed nests of monomorphic, undifferentiated cells in samples from lymph-node and lung biopsies in a man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The morphologic features and invasive behavior of the cells were characteristic of cancer, but their small size suggested a nonhuman origin. A polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay targeting eukaryotes identified Hymenolepis nana DNA. Although the cells were unrecognizable as tapeworm tissue, immunohistochemical staining and probe hybridization labeled the cells in situ. Comparative deep sequencing identified H. nana structural genomic variants that are compatible with mutations described in cancer. Invasion of human tissue by abnormal, proliferating, genetically altered tapeworm cells is a novel disease mechanism that links infection and cancer.
238. Lenalidomide plus Rituximab as Initial Treatment for Mantle-Cell Lymphoma.
作者: Jia Ruan.;Peter Martin.;Bijal Shah.;Stephen J Schuster.;Sonali M Smith.;Richard R Furman.;Paul Christos.;Amelyn Rodriguez.;Jakub Svoboda.;Jessica Lewis.;Orel Katz.;Morton Coleman.;John P Leonard.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2015年373卷19期1835-44页
Mantle-cell lymphoma is generally incurable. Initial treatment is not standardized but usually includes cytotoxic chemotherapy. Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory compound, and rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, are active in patients with recurrent mantle-cell lymphoma. We evaluated lenalidomide plus rituximab as a first-line therapy.
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