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2. Comparison of supplemental breast cancer imaging techniques-interim results from the BRAID randomised controlled trial.
作者: Fiona J Gilbert.;Nicholas R Payne.;Iris Allajbeu.;Lim Yit.;Sarah Vinnicombe.;Iain Lyburn.;Nisha Sharma.;Will Teh.;Jonathan James.;Archana Seth.;Tamara Suaris.;Reena Aggarwal.;Miaad Al-Attar.;Sarah Savaridas.;Antonis Antoniou.;Paul Pharoah.;Stephen Duffy.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10493期1935-1944页
It is not known which supplemental imaging technique is most beneficial for women with dense breasts attending breast screening. This study compares abbreviated MRI, automated whole breast ultrasound (ABUS), and contrast-enhanced mammography versus standard of care in women with dense breasts and a negative mammogram. We report on interim results from the first round of supplemental imaging.
3. Efficacy and safety of low-dose IL-2 as an add-on therapy to riluzole (MIROCALS): a phase 2b, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Gilbert Bensimon.;P Nigel Leigh.;Timothy Tree.;Andrea Malaspina.;Christine Am Payan.;Hang-Phuong Pham.;Pieter Klaassen.;Pamela J Shaw.;Ahmad Al Khleifat.;Maria D M Amador.;Shahram Attarian.;Simon M Bell.;Stéphane Beltran.;Emilien Bernard.;William Camu.;Philippe Corcia.;Jean-Christophe Corvol.;Philippe Couratier.;Véronique Danel.;Rabab Debs.;Claude Desnuelle.;Aikaterini Dimitriou.;John Ealing.;Florence Esselin.;Marie-Céline Fleury.;George H Gorrie.;Aude-Marie Grapperon.;Adèle Hesters.;Raul Juntas-Morales.;Ivan Kolev.;Géraldine Lautrette.;Nadine Le Forestier.;Christopher J McDermott.;Nicolas Pageot.;François Salachas.;Nikhil Sharma.;Marie-Hélène Soriani.;Jemeen Sreedharan.;Juliette Svahn.;Nick Verber.;Annie Verschueren.;Ozlem Yildiz.;Carey M Suehs.;Safaa Saker-Delye.;Claudie Muller.;Christophe Masseguin.;Hana Hajduchova.;Janine Kirby.;Cecilia Garlanda.;Massimo Locati.;Henrik Zetterberg.;Bernard Asselain.;Ammar Al-Chalabi.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10492期1837-1850页
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a life-threatening disease characterised by progressive loss of motor neurons with few therapeutic options. The MIROCALS study tested the hypothesis that low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2LD) improves survival and function in ALS.
4. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 9DW): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
作者: Thomas Yau.;Peter R Galle.;Thomas Decaens.;Bruno Sangro.;Shukui Qin.;Leonardo G da Fonseca.;Hatim Karachiwala.;Jean-Frederic Blanc.;Joong-Won Park.;Edward Gane.;Matthias Pinter.;Ana Matilla Peña.;Masafumi Ikeda.;David Tai.;Armando Santoro.;Gonzalo Pizarro.;Chang-Fang Chiu.;Michael Schenker.;Aiwu He.;Hong Jae Chon.;Joanna Wojcik-Tomaszewska.;Gontran Verset.;Qi Qi Wang.;Caitlyn Stromko.;Jaclyn Neely.;Prianka Singh.;Maria Jesus Jimenez Exposito.;Masatoshi Kudo.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10492期1851-1864页
Patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma have a poor prognosis, and treatments with long-term benefits are needed. We report results from the preplanned interim analysis of the CheckMate 9DW trial assessing nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in the first-line setting.
5. Prevalence of sexual violence against children and age at first exposure: a global analysis by location, age, and sex (1990-2023).
作者: Jack Cagney.;Cory Spencer.;Luisa Flor.;Molly Herbert.;Mariam Khalil.;Erin O'Connell.;Erin Mullany.;Flavia Bustreo.;Joht Singh Chandan.;Nicholas Metheny.;Felicia Knaul.;Emmanuela Gakidou.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10492期1817-1836页
Measuring sexual violence against children (SVAC) is vital to prevention and advocacy efforts, yet existing prevalence studies present estimates for few countries. Here we estimate the prevalence of SVAC for 204 countries by age and sex, from 1990 to 2023, and also report the age at which young survivors of lifetime sexual violence first experienced sexual violence.
6. Treatment options to support the elimination of hepatitis C: an open-label, factorial, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.
作者: Graham S Cooke.;Le Manh Hung.;Barnaby Flower.;Leanne McCabe.;Vu Thi Kim Hang.;Vo Thi Thu.;Dang Trong Thuan.;Nguyen Thanh Dung.;Le Thanh Phuong.;Dao Bach Khoa.;Nguyen Thi Chau An.;Pham Ngoc Thach.;Vu Thi Thu Huong.;Dang Thi Bich.;Nguyen Kim Tuyen.;M Azim Ansari.;Chau Le Ngoc.;Vo Minh Quang.;Nguyen Thi Ngoc Phuong.;Le Thi Thao.;Nguyen Bao Tran.;Evelyne Kestelyn.;Cherry Kingsley.;Rogier Van Doorn.;Motiur Rahman.;Sarah L Pett.;Guy E Thwaites.;Eleanor Barnes.;Jeremy N Day.;Nguyen Van Vinh Chau.;A Sarah Walker.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10491期1769-1780页
WHO recommends treating hepatitis C infection with one of three antiviral combinations for 8-12 weeks. No randomised trials have compared these regimens, and high cure rates might be achievable with shorter durations of therapy. We aimed to compare sofosbuvir-daclatasvir with sofosbuvir-velpatasvir, and to evaluate potential novel treatment strategies.
7. Induction of labour versus standard care to prevent shoulder dystocia in fetuses suspected to be large for gestational age in the UK (the Big Baby trial): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Jason Gardosi.;Lauren Jade Ewington.;Katie Booth.;Debra Bick.;George Bouliotis.;Emily Butler.;Sanjeev Deshpande.;Hanna Ellson.;Joanne Fisher.;Adam Gornall.;Ranjit Lall.;Hema Mistry.;Seyran Naghdi.;Stavros Petrou.;Anne-Marie Slowther.;Sara Wood.;Martin Underwood.;Siobhan Quenby.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10491期1743-1756页
The benefits and harms of early induction of labour to reduce shoulder dystocia in fetuses suspected to be large for gestational age (LGA) are uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether early induction of labour is associated with a reduced risk of shoulder dystocia compared with standard care.
9. Negative pressure wound therapy versus usual care in patients with surgical wound healing by secondary intention in the UK (SWHSI-2): an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Catherine Arundel.;Laura Mandefield.;Caroline Fairhurst.;Kalpita Baird.;Athanasios Gkekas.;Pedro Saramago.;Ian Chetter.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10490期1689-1699页
Surgical wound healing by secondary intention (SWHSI) presents a substantial management and financial challenge. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has increasingly been used as a treatment despite an absence of comparative evidence of effectiveness. We evaluated the effectiveness of NPWT compared with usual care for improving time to wound healing in patients with an SWHSI.
11. Causes of and risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Idnan Yunas.;Md Asiful Islam.;Kulandaipalayam N Sindhu.;Adam J Devall.;Marcelina Podesek.;Sayeda Sadia Alam.;Shoumik Kundu.;Kristie-Marie Mammoliti.;Ashraf Aswat.;Malcolm J Price.;Javier Zamora.;Olufemi T Oladapo.;Ioannis Gallos.;Arri Coomarasamy.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10488期1468-1480页
An understanding of the causes of postpartum haemorrhage is needed to provide appropriate treatment and services. Knowledge of the risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage can help address modifiable risk factors. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and quantify the various causes and risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage.
13. The Lancet Commission on rethinking coronary artery disease: moving from ischaemia to atheroma.
作者: Sarah Zaman.;Jason H Wasfy.;Vikas Kapil.;Boback Ziaeian.;William A Parsonage.;Sira Sriswasdi.;Timothy J A Chico.;Davide Capodanno.;Róisín Colleran.;Nadia R Sutton.;Lei Song.;Nicole Karam.;Reecha Sofat.;Chiara Fraccaro.;Daniel Chamié.;Mirvat Alasnag.;Takayuki Warisawa.;Nieves Gonzalo.;Walid Jomaa.;Shamir R Mehta.;Elizabeth E S Cook.;Johan Sundström.;Stephen J Nicholls.;Leslee J Shaw.;Manesh R Patel.;Rasha K Al-Lamee.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10486期1264-1312页 14. Durability and efficacy of solbinsiran, a GalNAc-conjugated siRNA targeting ANGPTL3, in adults with mixed dyslipidaemia (PROLONG-ANG3): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
作者: Kausik K Ray.;Ena Oru.;Robert S Rosenson.;Jeremiah Jones.;Xiaosu Ma.;Jennie Walgren.;Axel Haupt.;Subodh Verma.;Daniel Gaudet.;Stephen J Nicholls.;Giacomo Ruotolo.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10489期1594-1607页
Mixed dyslipidaemia, characterised by elevated concentrations of circulating triglycerides and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Solbinsiran, a GalNAc-conjugated small interfering RNA targeting hepatic angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), reduced triglycerides and LDL-C concentrations in a phase 1 study. This study aimed to assess the durability and efficacy of solbinsiran in reducing concentrations of atherogenic lipoproteins in adults with mixed dyslipidaemia.
15. Invasive urodynamic investigations in the management of women with refractory overactive bladder symptoms (FUTURE) in the UK: a multicentre, superiority, parallel, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Mohamed Abdel-Fattah.;Christopher Chapple.;David Cooper.;Suzanne Breeman.;Helen Bell-Gorrod.;Preksha Kuppanda.;Karen Guerrero.;Simon Dixon.;Nikki Cotterill.;Karen Ward.;Hashim Hashim.;Ash Monga.;Karen Brown.;Marcus Drake.;Andrew Gammie.;Alyaa Mostafa.;Rebecca Bruce.;Victoria Bell.;Christine Kennedy.;Suzanne Evans.;Graeme MacLennan.;John Norrie.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10484期1057-1068页
Overactive bladder is a common problem affecting women worldwide, with a negative effect on their social and professional lives. Before considering invasive treatments, guidelines recommend urodynamics to identify detrusor overactivity. However, the clinical-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of urodynamics has never been robustly assessed in this cohort of women. We aimed to compare the clinical-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of urodynamics plus comprehensive clinical assessment (CCA) versus CCA only in the management of women with refractory overactive bladder symptoms.
17. Global, regional, and national burden of household air pollution, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Despite a substantial reduction in the use of solid fuels for cooking worldwide, exposure to household air pollution (HAP) remains a leading global risk factor, contributing considerably to the burden of disease. We present a comprehensive analysis of spatial patterns and temporal trends in exposure and attributable disease from 1990 to 2021, featuring substantial methodological updates compared with previous iterations of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, including improved exposure estimations accounting for specific fuel types.
19. Behavioural interventions to increase uptake of FIT colorectal screening in Scotland (TEMPO): a nationwide, eight-arm, factorial, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Kathryn A Robb.;Ben Young.;Marie K Murphy.;Patrycja Duklas.;Alex McConnachie.;Gareth J Hollands.;Colin McCowan.;Sara Macdonald.;Ronan E O'Carroll.;Rory C O'Connor.;Robert J C Steele.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10484期1081-1092页
Uptake of colorectal cancer screening is suboptimal. The TEMPO trial evaluated the impact of two evidence-based, theory-informed, and co-designed behavioural interventions on uptake of faecal immunochemical test (FIT) colorectal screening.
20. A multifaceted intervention to improve diagnosis and early management of hospitalised patients with suspected acute brain infections in Brazil, India, and Malawi: an international multicentre intervention study.
作者: Bhagteshwar Singh.;Gareth D Lipunga.;Premkumar Thangavelu.;Shalley Dhar.;Lorena Ferreira Cronemberger.;Kundavaram Paul Prabhakar Abhilash.;Asha Mary Abraham.;Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito.;Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira.;Nagarathna Chandrashekar.;Rui Duarte.;Anna Fajardo Modol.;Ben Chirag Ghale.;Gagandeep Kang.;Vykuntaraju K Gowda.;Kevin Kuriakose.;Suzannah Lant.;Macpherson Mallewa.;Emmie Mbale.;Shona C Moore.;Gloria Mwangalika.;Prasanna B T Kamath.;Patricia Navvuga.;Alinane Linda Nyondo-Mipando.;Tamara J Phiri.;Camila Pimentel Lopes de Melo.;B S Pradeep.;Rebecca Rawlinson.;Irene Sheha.;Priya Treesa Thomas.;Charles R Newton.;Patricia Carvalho de Sequeira.;James J Sejvar.;Tarun Dua.;Lance Turtle.;Valsan Philip Verghese.;Luciano Wagner de Melo Santiago Arraes.;Nicola Desmond.;Ava Easton.;Jessica Anne Jones.;Richard J Lilford.;M Netravathi.;Fiona McGill.;Benedict D Michael.;Victor Mwapasa.;Michael J Griffiths.;Christopher M Parry.;Vasanthapuram Ravi.;Girvan Burnside.; .;Jennifer Cornick.;Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França.;Anita S Desai.;Priscilla Rupali.;Tom Solomon.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10483期991-1003页
Brain infections pose substantial challenges in diagnosis and management and carry high mortality and morbidity, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to improve the diagnosis and early management of patients admitted to hospital (adults aged 16 years and older and children aged >28 days) with suspected acute brain infections at 13 hospitals in Brazil, India, and Malawi.
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