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326. Socioeconomic inequalities in cancer survival and access to health care among children and adolescents in China, 2018-24: a prospective nationwide cohort study.
作者: Xin Ni.;Zhe Li.;Yingying Liu.;Xinping Li.;Guoliang Bai.;Ming Lu.;Zhuoyu Yang.;Xin Xu.;Wei Zhao.;Kar Keung Cheng.;Yaoguang Zhang.;Rongshou Zheng.;Yuanhu Liu.;Chenguang Jia.;Xiaoning Wang.;Yifei Wang.;Qingnan Shi.;Xingfeng Yao.;Yawei Zhang.;Yan Su.;Shengcai Wang.;Zhuo Deng.;Wei Yang.;Yanlong Duan.;Ruidong Zhang.;Xiaoyu Wang.;Huawei Mao.;Shuling Liu.;Jiayi Li.;Tianwei Zhang.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10525期237-255页
To improve health equity, as a Sustainable Development Goal, timely evaluation of inequalities in cancer survival is essential. We aimed to assess the latest nationwide 5-year survival for childhood and adolescent cancers in China and disparities in survival, especially those associated with health-care access.
330. Nivolumab added to cisplatin and radiotherapy versus cisplatin and radiotherapy alone after surgery for people with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck at a high risk of relapse (GORTEC 2018-01 NIVOPOST-OP): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.
作者: Jean Bourhis.;Anne Aupérin.;Christian Borel.;Gautier Lefebvre.;Severine Racadot.;Lionnel Geoffrois.;Xu Shan Sun.;Esma Saada.;Beatriz Cirauqui.;Tomasz Rutkowski.;Stephanie Henry.;Anouchka Modesto.;Alison Johnson.;Sophie Chapet.;Benoit Calderon.;Christian Sire.;Olivier Malard.;Matthieu Bainaud.;Antonio Da Silva Motta.;Sebastien Thureau.;Yoann Pointreau.;Pierre Blanchard.;Guillaume Buiret.;Laurence Bozec.;Stephane Lopez.;Julie Vanbockstael.;Matthieu Bosset.;Charlotte Greilsamer.;Amaury Daste.;Antoine Bruna.;France N'Guyen.;Maria Plana.;Eluska Iruarrizaga.;Stephane Temam.;Caroline Even.;Elisabeth Perez Ruiz.;Mahasti Bert.;Eleni Karamouza.;Juliette Thariat.;Joanna Kazmierska.;Amanda Psyrri.;Ricard Mesia.;Yungan Tao.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10526期363-374页
Postoperative cisplatin and radiotherapy is the standard of care for high-risk resected locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). The NIVOPOST-OP trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of programmed death 1 blockade by nivolumab added to cisplatin and radiotherapy in this setting.
331. Inclusion of women who are pregnant, lactating, or of reproductive potential in clinical trials: health, ethical, and regulatory considerations.
作者: Lana Moayad.;Ariana Mihan.;Sanne A E Peters.;Harriette G C Van Spall.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10521期2858-2864页
Randomised controlled trials have commonly excluded women who are pregnant, lactating, or of reproductive potential. When there is clinical equipoise, the exclusion of these women raises concerns regarding the principles of autonomy, beneficence, and justice. This exclusion also shifts evidence generation from the monitored setting of randomised controlled trials to clinical settings, where data can take several years to accrue. Here, we highlight key health, ethical, scientific, and regulatory considerations surrounding the inclusion of women who are pregnant, lactating, or of reproductive potential in clinical trials to guide further discussions. We offer recommendations for a judicious approach to inclusivity, highlighting regulatory, sponsor, and clinical trial design considerations. We highlight the need for patient engagement and interdisciplinary discourse throughout the research lifecycle.
335. Maternal and neonatal outcomes after infection with monkeypox virus clade I during pregnancy in DR Congo: a pooled, prospective cohort study.
作者: Emmanuel Hasivirwe Vakaniaki.;Isaac Barhishindi.;Ange Mubiala.;Espoir Bwenge Malembaka.;Lydia Braunack-Mayer.;Bruce Nganga.;Sabin Sabiti Nundu.;Isabel Brosius.;Stefanie Bracke.;Eugene Bangwen.;Elise De Vos.;Robert Colebunders.;Mireille Ngale.;Gabriel Kayembe.;Christian Tshongo.;Ali Dilu.;Celestin Tshimanga.;Jean-Luc Biampata.;Patrick Musole Bugeme.;Nsengi Ntamabyaliro.;Bruce Kirenga.;Misaki Wayengera.;Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo.;David Lupande Mwenebitu.;Anne W Rimoin.;Tony Wawina-Bokalanga.;Koen Vercauteren.;Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka.;Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum.;Susanne Krasemann.;Jason Kindrachuk.;Andrew S Azman.;Veronique Nussenblatt.;Ian Crozier.;Lori E Dodd.;Olivier Tshiani-Mbaya.; .; .; .; .;Nicola Low.;Patrick D M C Katoto.;Placide Mbala-Kingebeni.;Laurens Liesenborghs.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10525期256-266页
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has been linked to vertical transmission, but systematic data are scarce. We aimed to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and virological characteristics and assess the frequency and determinants of adverse outcomes in pregnant women with MPXV clade I infection.
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