824. Census Tract Rurality, Predominant Race and Ethnicity, and Distance to Lung Cancer Screening Facilities : An Ecological Study.
作者: Solmaz Amiri.;Candice L Wilshire.;Clemma Jacobsen Muller.;Cole Allick.;Allison C Welch.;Gary Ferguson.;Dedra Buchwald.;Jed A Gorden.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期177-186页
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends annual lung cancer screening (LCS) for adults who meet specific age and smoking history criteria.
825. Effectiveness of Synchronous Postdischarge Contacts on Health Care Use and Patient Satisfaction : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Joel C Boggan.;Spoorthi Sankineni.;Paul A Dennis.;Dazhe Chen.;Tina Wong Sledge.;David Halpern.;Sharron Rushton.;John W Williams.;Tatyana Der.;Amir Alishahi Tabriz.;Adelaide M Gordon.;Morgan Jacobs.;Nathan A Boucher.;Maria Colandrea.;Anastasia-Stefania Alexopoulos.;Joanne Roman Jones.;Nina Leflore-Lloyd.;Sarah Cantrell.;Karen M Goldstein.;Jennifer M Gierisch.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期229-240页
Postdischarge contacts (PDCs) after hospitalization are common practice, but their effectiveness in reducing use of acute care after discharge remains unclear.
826. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. It is characterized by steatosis in the liver and is potentially reversible. Risk factors include obesity, type 2 mellitus, and other metabolic disorders. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a more severe form of MASLD, puts patients at risk for cirrhosis, liver decompensation, and liver cancer. Diet, exercise, and weight loss are the cornerstones of management. Although only 1 medication has been approved for treatment of MASH, other pharmacotherapies and surgeries that aid weight loss and optimize metabolic risk factors can be used. Early diagnosis and intervention are important to prevent progression to cirrhosis and its complications, including cancer.
828. Cardiovascular Safety and Fracture Prevention Effectiveness of Denosumab Versus Oral Bisphosphonates in Patients Receiving Dialysis : A Target Trial Emulation.
作者: Soichiro Masuda.;Toshiki Fukasawa.;Shuichi Matsuda.;Koji Kawakami.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期167-176页
Dialysis patients have high rates of fracture morbidity, but evidence on optimal management strategies for osteoporosis is scarce.
830. In subclinical AF, apixaban vs. aspirin reduced stroke or systemic embolism at 3.5 y, regardless of duration of recent subclinical AF episodes.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
831. Assessing the Risk for Falls in Older Adults After Initiating Gabapentin Versus Duloxetine.
作者: Alexander Chaitoff.;Rishi J Desai.;Niteesh K Choudhry.;Katharina T Jungo.;Nancy Haff.;Julie C Lauffenburger.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期187-198页
The evidence informing the harms of gabapentin use are at risk of bias from comparing users with nonusers.
832. In T1D, weekly efsitora was noninferior to daily degludec for reducing HbA1c but increased severe hypoglycemia at 26 wk.
Endocrinology: [Formula: see text].
834. In HF with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction, finerenone reduced worsening HF or CV death at 32 mo.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
837. In asymptomatic severe AS, early surgery vs. conservative therapy reduced a composite of death, MI, stroke, or HF hospitalization at 63 mo.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].
838. In adults aged ≥75 y with NSTEMI, an invasive vs. conservative strategy did not improve a composite outcome at a median 4.1 y.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text] Geriatrics: [Formula: see text].
839. In insulin-naive T2D, weekly efsitora was noninferior to daily degludec for reducing HbA1c at 52 wk.
GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Endocrinology: [Formula: see text].
840. Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
作者: Areesha Moiz.;Kristian B Filion.;Helia Toutounchi.;Michael A Tsoukas.;Oriana H Y Yu.;Tricia M Peters.;Mark J Eisenberg.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2025年178卷2期199-217页
Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual or triple co-agonists for weight loss among adults with overweight or obesity and without diabetes.
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