The increase in biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) made it possible to consider different mechanisms of action (MoA) after the failure of the first advanced-line therapy. However, there is still a lack of real-world evidence comparing the cycling (re-administration of a similar MoA) and the swap strategy. This retrospective observational study aims to evaluate the retention rate, as a proxy for effectiveness, of second-line therapeutic options after the failure of a TNF inhibitor (TNFi) by comparing cycling versus swap strategies.

Obesity constitutes a substantial burden in psoriatic disease that affects approximately half of patients. Importantly, increased adiposity and psoriatic disease are strongly linked, with obesity functioning as both a possible trigger and a disease modifier. Obesity predisposes individuals to develop psoriasis and is likely to drive, at least partially, the progression from psoriasis to psoriatic arthritis. For people with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, obesity is associated with lower rates of remission and poorer responses to treatment. Several mechanisms probably underlie this relationship, including systemic and local pro-inflammatory properties of adipose tissue, increased biomechanical stress on joints and entheses, gut dysbiosis and synergistic effects of osteoarthritis. Notably, weight loss can improve both psoriatic disease course and response to therapy; however, current approaches (such as dietary interventions or bariatric surgery) are difficult to implement. Glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies are an effective strategy for weight loss in psoriatic disease and might even have additive disease-modifying effects to conventional immunomodulators. Although often overlooked, weight loss intervention and obesity management should be included as an integral part of psoriatic disease treatment algorithms.

Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) involvement in PsA is poorly characterized. We aimed to assess its prevalence and clinical associations in a longitudinal PsA cohort.

Treat-to-target strategies have previously been shown to improve outcomes in psoriatic arthritis. We aimed to evaluate whether a treat-to-target strategy using early intensive treatment with the IL-17A inhibitor secukinumab improves outcomes compared with a standard step-up treat-to-target approach in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Childhood-onset Sjögren's disease is a rare and under-investigated rheumatic condition. The natural course of childhood-onset Sjögren's disease in adulthood in not known. This study aimed to evaluate long-term disease trajectories and complications of childhood-onset Sjögren's disease and explore management strategies.

The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations for cardiovascular risk management highlighted the importance of traditional cardiovascular risk factor control in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). However, cardiovascular risk factor target attainment in APS and differences between primary APS and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-related APS remain uncertain.

The aim was to characterize peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in BD patients, and to stratify patient subgroups and identify prognostic biomarkers.

The objective of this study was to characterize the risk of myositis after Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination with messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) or adenoviral vector vaccines.

To evaluate the relationship between Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dosage and the incidence of flares in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) flare incidence.

Statin-associated immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) associated with anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (anti-HMGCR) antibodies. This research determined the characteristics and outcomes of Native Americans vs non-Native Americans (non-NA) diagnosed with IIM and IMNM from the American Southwest.

The Total or Partial Knee Arthroplasty Trial (TOPKAT) aimed to evaluate the difference between total knee replacement (TKR) and partial (unicompartmental) replacement (PKR) for treatment of late-stage medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. As longevity is a key issue for joint replacement, extended follow-up periods are required to fully evaluate the long-term efficacy. In this analysis, we report the 10-year follow-up of the TOPKAT trial.

To identify patient-related factors linked to high multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) expression in RA and assess whether MDR1 expression affects Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor effectiveness.

To assess the cost-effectiveness of extending the interval between monitoring blood tests beyond 3-monthly intervals during established treatment of adults prescribed low-dose weekly MTX (≤25 mg/week), LEF or SSZ.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent and often clinically significant complication of connective tissue diseases (CTDs), with substantial heterogeneity in prevalence, clinical manifestations and disease trajectories. This themed issue of Rheumatology presents a comprehensive collection of original studies addressing critical aspects of CTD-associated ILD, including early detection, disease monitoring, prognostication and therapeutic strategies. Advances in screening, such as lung ultrasound and deep-learning algorithms, are enhancing early ILD detection, quantification and characterization. Novel biomarkers and genetic risk factors are being explored to support individualized risk stratification across CTDs. With the publication of recent international guidelines, evidence-based management of CTD-ILD has become more structured, providing clinicians with a clearer framework for decision-making, while real-world studies continue to refine these approaches and identify remaining therapeutic gaps. The issue also highlights emerging therapies and the need for precision-based interventions tailored to disease subtype, progression risk and comorbidities. Collectively, these contributions underscore the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and continued research to improve outcomes for patients with CTD-ILD.