Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease related to gluten consumption. To date, the only effective therapy that can reverse symptoms and prevent complications is the gluten-free diet (GFD), which is challenging to maintain and has potential health risks. Identifying foods that can help diversify the GFD and that best match the nutritional needs of people with CD may improve the health and quality of life of celiac patients. This review, conducted through a non-systematic search of the available literature, aims to gather the most recent research on nutritional issues in CD and GFD. Moreover, it highlights how sorghum characteristics could provide health benefits to CD patients that counteract the nutritional problems due to CD and the nutritional consequences of GFD acceptance. Sorghum contains a wide variety of bioactive compounds, such as flavones and tannins, that have shown anti-inflammatory activity in preclinical studies. They can also regulate blood sugar levels and lower cholesterol to reduce the effects of common chronic diseases such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Because it is gluten-free, its use in making foods for celiac patients is increasing, especially in the United States. In conclusion, sorghum is a fascinating grain with nutritional properties and health benefits for supplementing GFD. However, only one study confirms the short-term safety of sorghum inclusion in the GFD, and further long-term studies with a large sample are needed.

Although proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs have considered able to induce small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), no data are so far available from primary care (PC). We assessed the prevalence of SIBO and methane (CH<inf>4</inf>) production consequent to chronic PPI therapy using Lactulose Breath Test (LBT). Secondary aim was to explore the possible role of rifaximin in treating PPI-induced SIBO patients.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is linked to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, microbiota-based stratification of CRC tissue and how this relates to clinicomolecular characteristics and prognosis remains to be clarified.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide. Ultrasound, the most used tool for diagnosing NAFLD, is operator-dependent and shows suboptimal performance in patients with mild steatosis. However, few studies have been conducted on whether alternative noninvasive methods are useful for diagnosing mild hepatic steatosis. Also, little is known about whether noninvasive tests are useful for grading the severity of hepatic steatosis or the degree of intrahepatic inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the HSI, the FLI and HU values in CT could be used to discriminate mild hepatic steatosis and to evaluate the severity of hepatic steatosis or the degree of intrahepatic inflammation in patients with low-grade fatty liver disease using liver biopsy as a reference standard.

To develop a new modality of colorectal cancer screening based on chronic disease management (CDM) to improve the participation rate of screening, and maximize the benefits of limited resources.

Complete and consecutive observation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract continues to present challenges for current endoscopy systems. We developed a novel upper and mid gastrointestinal (UMGI) capsule endoscopy using the modified detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (DS-MCE) and inspection method and aimed to assess the clinical application.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic progressive liver disease leading to biliary fibrosis and cirrhosis. Cilofexor is a nonsteroidal farnesoid X receptor agonist that demonstrated significant improvements in liver biochemistry and markers of cholestasis in patients with PSC in a phase 2 study. We describe here the rationale, design, and implementation of the phase 3 PRIMIS trial, the largest placebo-controlled trial in PSC.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major cancer type characterized by high heterogeneity in both tumor cells and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). One intractable GC subtype is gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC), which is associated with poor prognosis. However, it remains unclear what the GSRCC TIME characteristics are and how these characteristics may contribute to clinical outcomes.

Solute carrier family 38 member 2 (SLC38A2) has previously been reported to participate in carcinogenesis. However, its expression and function in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of SLC38A2 in GC.

To explore the sources of information on antireflux surgery for patients undergoing this surgery in China.

In recent years, more and more inflammatory indicators have been studied to predict the long-term survival of patients with ampullary carcinoma (AC) after radical resection, but these prognostic indicators are still controversial. Therefore, based on previous inflammation scores, this study established a novel, easily accessible, more feasible and more predictive prognostic marker [Carbohydrate antigen199 to gamma-glutamyltransferase ratio (CA19-9/GGT)] to better assess the prognostic significance in AC patients undergoing radical resection.

Various environmental risk factors have been associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study we aimed to identify lifestyle factors that affect the onset of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide, with incidence quickly increasing (particularly in the context of early-onset cases), despite important prevention efforts, mainly in the form of population-wide screening programs. Although many cases present a clear familial component, the current list of hereditary CRC genes leaves a considerable proportion of the cases unexplained.

For patients with achalasia experiencing persistent or recurrent symptoms after laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM), pneumatic dilation (PD) is the most frequently used treatment. Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is increasingly being investigated as rescue therapy. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of POEM vs PD for patients with persistent or recurrent symptoms after LHM.