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3361. Development of a framework for action to advocate for a coherent prevention policy for tobacco, alcohol, and foods high in fats, salt, or sugar: a mixed-methods approach.
作者: Aalaa Jawad.;Emily Reed.;Katherine Severi.;Katharine Jenner.;Howard Reed.;Hazel Cheeseman.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S57页
Tobacco, alcohol, and foods high in fats, salt, or sugar (HFSS) are health harming products. Limited progress in prevention is partly due to health-harming industry lobbying. Action on Smoking and Health (ASH), Alcohol Health Alliance, and Obesity Health Alliance collaborated with the aim of developing a framework for action to address the saturation of these products in our environment.
3362. Potential impact of health communications to raise awareness of the relative risk of age and cancer: a qualitative study.
The Cancer Research UK Cancer Awareness Measure Survey (2022) found older age as a risk factor for cancer to be low (around 2-4% across UK nations). However, 89 in 100 cancers are in those aged 50 years and older, and the majority of health-communications are targeted to these higher risk groups. This research aimed to understand the potential impact on health behaviours of communicating messages on relative increased risk of cancer with older age on participant's capability, motivation, and opportunity (COM-B model) in relation to positive early diagnosis health behaviours (body vigilance, intention to take part in cancer screening, preventative measures).
3363. Evaluation of mass media campaign of early cancer diagnosis, targeting older adults in Northern Ireland: a cross-sectional study.
作者: Charlotte Ide-Walters.;Claire Champ.;Amy Hirst.;Chris Jenkins.;Vanessa Martinez.;Charlene McShane.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S55页
Cancer Research UK ran a mass-media campaign for 6 weeks from Sept 1, 2022, to Sept 13, 2022, targeted to people aged 50 years and older and from a lower social-grade (C2DE) in Northern Ireland. The campaign was developed to target barriers to help-seeking for the target audience. With this evaluation, we aimed to compare reported barriers and self-reported help-seeking before and after the campaign to assess changes potentially related to the campaign.
3364. The impact of risk stratification by polygenic risk and age on breast cancer screening in women aged 40-49 years: a modelling study.
作者: Catherine Huntley.;Bethany Torr.;Amit Sud.;Richard S Houlston.;Aroon D Hingorani.;Michael E Jones.;Clare Turnbull.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S54页
Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) have been proposed as a mechanism for risk-stratification of screening, increasing efficiency and enabling extension of existing programmes to improve survival in our aging population. We sought to model the impact of three hypothetical programmes of annual breast cancer screening in women aged 40-49 years: screening the PRS-defined high-risk quintile, screening the oldest quintile, and screening the full population.
3365. Perspectives on registration to primary care from inclusion health groups in England: a mixed-method study.
作者: Ada Humphrey.;Lucy Fagan.;Elspeth Carruthers.;Jin-Min Yuan.;Kemi Ogunlana.;Janet Alfred.;Ahimza Nagasivam.;Kerrie Stevenson.;Robert W Aldridge.;Fiona Stevenson.;Sitira Williams.;Rachel Burns.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S53页
Although everyone living in the UK is entitled to access free primary care within the National Health Service (NHS), evidence shows that people in need of health care are wrongly being refused access. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of individuals from inclusion health groups on primary care registration and accessibility.
3366. Health, economic, and equity consequences of future tobacco control policies in England: a microsimulation study.
Smoking still generates a huge, costly, and inequitable burden of disease. The UK tobacco-free generation target to reduce smoking prevalence to below 5% by 2030 will be missed if current trends continue. We aimed to determine whether additional policies could speed progress towards meeting the tobacco-free generation target.
3367. Experiences of menopause in the Welsh NHS workplace: a focus group study.
Despite an increased desire to improve women's experiences, the evidence base around how best to support female employees experiencing the menopause is currently lacking. NHS Wales has a workforce with a significant proportion of older female workers, many of whom will experience menopause symptoms. This work aims to explore the impact of menopause symptoms on the working lives of NHS staff in Wales.
3368. The wider health and wellbeing needs of those accessing paediatric care in England: engaging with the hidden voices of children and young people.
作者: Avni Hindocha.;Louise Brennan.;Liz Brewster.;Judith Lunn.;Rachel Isba.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S50页
Health need is inextricably linked with inequalities. Health outcomes are worse for those in lower socio-economic groups, ethnic minority groups, and those with protected characteristics. In the UK, this has been compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic and the cost-of-living crisis. Children and young people accessing hospitals can have unmet health and wellbeing needs, yet the role of hospitals in addressing these is not clear. We engaged with children and young people and caregivers from under-represented groups, often excluded from patient and public involvement, to understand their experiences, in order to support the co-design of future research and interventions.
3369. Association between care experience and mental health hospitalisation among children in Scotland, with a focus on chronic conditions (CHiCS): a population-wide longitudinal study using administrative data.
作者: Edit Gedeon.;Marion Henderson.;Alastair H Leyland.;Mirjam Allik.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S5页
Chronic conditions in children are associated with an increased risk of mental health problems. However, not much is known about the nature of this association among care experienced children. We explore the association between three chronic conditions (epilepsy, asthma, and diabetes) and mental health hospitalisation in children with or without care experience.
3370. More play and fewer screens: a way to improve preschoolers' mental health? Cross-sectional findings from the British Preschool-children's Play Survey.
Children increasingly engage in more screentime and less play. Concurrently, 10% of UK children now have a diagnosable mental health condition. Adventurous play (ie, thrilling and exciting play, likely inducing fear or uncertainty) might prevent mental health problems but is unexplored in preschoolers. We assessed the association between mental health and both adventurous play and screentime, hypothesising that more adventurous play and less screentime would be associated with better mental health.
3371. Social determinants of mental health trajectories during midlife: a prospective British birth cohort study.
There is an ongoing debate about whether mental wellbeing follows a U-shaped pattern across the lifespan, with a universal low point during midlife. However, existing research largely looks at average distributions of mental health problems and does not consider the underlying trajectories and social determinants. We investigate the social factors linked to changes in mental health during midlife.
3372. The role of the multiple Index of deprivation in predicting mental health outcomes after the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents: a cross-sectional study.
作者: Serendi Gulsen Hazir.;Cían Ryan.;Alison Moore.;Charlie Lewis.;Judith Lunn.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S47页
The number of children and young people (CYP) diagnosed with mental health problems has increased over the past decade. The COVID-19 pandemic also has accelerated this increase, raising significant concerns about adolescent emotional wellbeing. Research suggests that adolescents who live in more deprived areas are more likely to experience poor emotional wellbeing. Children in the northwest of England are among those with the poorest outcomes in the UK. We aimed to investigate the association between deprivation and mental health outcomes from 2019 to 2022. The aim was to support local authorities with targeted provision of public health services as well as predicting service need for 2022 onwards.
3373. Exploring substance misuse in a prison in Wales: a cross-sectional analysis.
作者: Benjamin J Gray.;Christie Craddock.;Zoe Couzens.;Rick Lines.;Stephanie E Perrett.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S46页
Since 2015, the risks of dying due to drug-related causes are higher in prison than in the general population, with opiates and psychoactive substances being the most common substances recorded on death certificates in prison. Many individuals use drugs before entering the prison environment, it is not clear which individuals continue to use drugs while in prison. This study is a first step towards identifying characteristics of those who use drugs in prison, while exploring substances commonly used.
3374. Physical activity in outdoor spaces, sleep quality and general health: a pilot feasibility study.
作者: Thayse Natacha Gomes.;Sara Suikkanen.;Mabliny Thuany.;Ilkka Väänänen.;Alan Donnelly.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S45页
Physical activity and nature exposure provide health benefits. This study aimed to test the feasibility of an intervention designed to examine the effects of environmental quality on physical activity, sleep, and health status.
3375. Use of co-production to explore food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness living in Northern England: a mixed-methods study.
作者: Emma L Giles.;Fatemeh Eskandari.;Grant J McGeechan.;Steph Scott.;Vicki Whittaker.;Jonathan Robinson.;Chris Lynch.;Hannah Moore.;Amelia A Lake.;Jo Smith.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S44页
People living with severe mental illness experience premature mortality from diet-related preventable illnesses. Yet, little research focuses on food insecurity with adults with severe mental illness. This coproduced study aimed to understand the experiences of adults with severe mental illness and food insecurity and strategies to help.
3376. Characteristics and consequences of participatory research approaches in long-term care facilities for older adults: a meta-ethnography of qualitative studies.
Participatory research approaches can potentially empower older adults and improve their quality of life and care. These include research designs, methods, and conceptual frameworks in collaboration with people directly involved and invested in the research and research outcomes. However, participatory research approaches have rarely been explored in long-term care facilities for older adults, such as nursing homes or residential care facilities. We aimed to provide increased understanding and recommendations about how participatory research approaches can be conceptualised and used in long-term care facilities for older adults.
3377. Enabling health and maintaining independence for older people at home (HomeHealth trial): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
作者: Rachael Frost.;Christina Avgerinou.;Sarah Kalwarowsky.;Farah Mahmood.;Claire Goodman.;Andrew Clegg.;Jane Hopkins.;Rebecca Gould.;Benjamin Gardner.;Louise Marston.;Rachael Hunter.;Kalpa Kharicha.;Claudia Cooper.;Dawn A Skelton.;Vari Drennan.;Pip Logan.;Kate Walters.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S42页
NHS frailty services commonly target more severely frail older people, despite evidence suggesting frailty can be prevented or reversed when addressed at an earlier stage. HomeHealth is a new home-based, manualised voluntary sector service supporting older people with mild frailty to maintain their independence through behaviour change. Over six appointments, a trained HomeHealth worker discusses what matters to the older person and supports them to set and achieve goals around mobility, nutrition, socialising and/or psychological wellbeing. The service showed promising effects in a feasibility trial. We aimed to test the clinical and cost-effectiveness of HomeHealth for maintaining independence in older people with mild frailty compared with treatment as usual.
3378. Moderating effect of country-level health determinants on the association between hobby engagement and mental health: cross-cohort multi-level models, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.
作者: Daisy Fancourt.;Taiji Noguchi.;Jessica K Bone.;Jacques Wels.;Qian Gao.;Katsunori Kondo.;Tami Saito.;Hei Wan Mak.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S41页
Theories from anthropology, evolutionary psychology, and sociology have focused on the potential adaptive benefits of hobby engagement for mental health in older adults. However, previous studies have used data from single countries, potentially biased by specific measurement and methodological approaches, cohort effects, or cultural specificities. Whether there are genuine benefits for mental health in older adults cross-culturally remains unknown. This study explored the consistency of this association across 16 different nations.
3379. Evaluating the effectiveness of community health worker interventions on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Interventions with community health workers, trained to provide basic medical education and holistic support, have been used to enhance type 2 diabetes outcomes in various settings. Evidence of their effectiveness is poor because of variations in intervention design and duration. We did a systematic review of randomised trials evaluating the effectiveness of community health worker interventions integrated into conventional care to improve glycaemic control in adults with diabetes.
3380. Lessons from the Gateway programme, aimed at improving health and life chances for young people committing low-level offences: a qualitative evaluation.
Young people who commit criminal offences are often affected by mental health issues, including drug and alcohol misuse, with many leading chaotic lifestyles. Gateway was a pioneering court-diversion programme aimed to reduce reoffending and improve the health and wellbeing of people aged 18-24 years who had been questioned for a low-level offence. The Gateway Study consisted of a pragmatic, parallel-group, superiority randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the programme's effectiveness, and its qualitative evaluation. We aimed to determine barriers and enablers for implementation of Gateway and recruitment into the RCT.
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