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3321. Surge of lower respiratory tract group A streptococcal infections in England in winter 2022: epidemiology and clinical profile.
作者: Katie Wrenn.;Paula Bianca Blomquist.;Carmellie Inzoungou-Massanga.;Oluwakemi Olufon.;Rebecca L Guy.;Diane Hatziioanou.;Lucy Findlater.;Iona Smith.;Mariyam Mirfenderesky.;Karen Luyt.;Tom Williams.;Sylvia Stoianova.;Michelle Dickinson.;Maaike Pietzsch.;Christopher I Jarvis.;Colin Brown.;Theresa Lamagni.;Deepti Kumar.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S93页
Following low incidence of invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections during the COVID-19 pandemic, marked increases were noted in many countries during 2022, particularly in children. In November 2022, severe presentations of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), including empyema, were notified by clinicians across the UK. UKHSA investigated this rise with the aim of informing clinical management and public health response.
3322. Gait retraining to reduce falls: an experimental study toward scalable and personalised use in the home.
Age-related neurological conditions can result in poor mobility typified by gait abnormalities and falls, increasing risk of frailty and lowering quality of life. In the UK, the expense and inaccessibility of services to improve mobility through gait training (eg, auditory cueing) is a public health issue. Contemporary and scalable pervasive technologies for widespread public use could provide an affordable and accessible solution. We aimed to show the preliminary efficacy of a novel smartphone app that provides a personalised approach to mobility and gait assessment while facilitating gait training.
3323. Associations of social media use with smoking and e-cigarettes: a national longitudinal study.
作者: Charlotte Vrinten.;Jennie C Parnham.;Márta K Radó.;Filippos T Filippidis.;Eszter Vamos.;Anthony A Laverty.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S91页
Social media use is high among children and young people and might influence health behaviours. We examined social media use and use of tobacco and e-cigarettes in the UK.
3324. Food insecurity and diet quality in households accessing food membership clubs in Wessex: a mixed-methods study.
作者: Elizabeth Taylor.;Nida Ziauddeen.;Nisreen A Alwan.;Dianna Smith.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S90页
Food membership clubs that charge a small fee for a set number of items are in place in Wessex to address food insecurity (inadequate reliable access to sufficient affordable, nutritious food). These clubs incorporate longer-term solutions such as budgeting support, benefit maximisation, and cooking skills. The Wessex DIET project was established to measure acceptability and impact of these clubs. Given the paucity of evidence on the prevalence of food insecurity in those accessing such clubs, we aimed to quantify food insecurity and assess diet quality and wellbeing at recruitment.
3325. Understanding the use of media analysis in public health research through food tax debates (HEALTHEI Project): a scoping review.
作者: Anette Bonifant Cisneros.;Rachel Headings.;Rebecca Wells.;Christian Reynolds.;Christina Vogel.;Penny Breeze.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S9页
Poor diet is a major public health concern. In 2021, 63·8% of adults and 22·2% of reception-age children were either overweight or obese in England. Fiscal interventions have become a popular policy measure to reduce obesity and encourage healthy eating. Such measures are highly controversial, leading to media debate promoting pro-tax and anti-tax arguments. To better understand food tax debates and the use of media analysis in public health research, we conducted a scoping review of media analyses using food taxes as a case study.
3326. Associations between parental smoking and teenage alcohol and drug use in the Growing Up in Ireland cohort study: a longitudinal observational study.
Children with a parent who smokes are more likely to become substance users than those who do not have a parent who smokes. In this study, we examined whether childhood or early adolescent exposure to primary parent smoking increased the risk of subsequent teenage alcohol and drug use at ages 17-18 years.
3327. Medical cyber crises and biotechnological syndromes: a multisite clinical simulation study focused on digital health complaints.
作者: Isabel Straw.;Joanna Dobbin.;Demelza Luna Reaver.;Leonie Tanczer.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S88页
Biotechnological syndromes refer to the illnesses that arise at the intersection of human physiology and digital technology. Implanted technologies can malfunction (eg, runaway pacemakers, hacked insulin pumps), and consumer technologies can be exploited to impose adverse health effects (eg, technology-facilitated abuse, hacks on epilepsy websites inducing seizures). Through a series of clinical simulation events, our study aimed to (1) evaluate the ability of physicians to respond to biotechnological syndromes, (2) explore gaps in training impeding effective patient care in digital cases, and (3) identify clinical cases due to digital technology arising in the population.
3328. Lessons learned from co-production in public health research: the MAMAH case study involving underserved migrant mothers in the UK.
作者: Kerrie Stevenson.;Kemi Ogunlana.;Maha Alomari.;Rukayat Agoropopoola.;Fiona Stevenson.;Marian Knight.;Robert Aldridge.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S87页
Research suggests some migrant women are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity in the perinatal period; however, there is a gap in co-produced research to improve care. The UK National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) defines co-production as "an approach in which researchers, practitioners, and members of the public work together, sharing power and responsibility". We summarise learnings from our study, which aimed to co-produce solutions to improve maternity care for migrant women in the UK, by working with women to identify the most important research priorities.
3329. Uptake of diabetes follow-up checks by minority community groups: a rapid review of the evidence for the CYMELL study.
作者: Llinos Haf Spencer.;Mohammed Albustami.;Alison Porter.;Gargi Naha.;Rebecca L Thomas.;Siân Rees.;Rose Stewart.;Thanuja Hettiarachchi.;Nicola O'Brien.;Rhiannon Tudor Edwards.;Ashra Khanom.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S86页
Type 2 diabetes is a public health priority for the UK. A growing body of evidence has indicated ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in rates of diabetes prevalence and complications. Attendance at diabetes follow-up checks is key to ensuring complications are identified and managed at an early stage. The aim of this rapid review was to identify and summarise evidence of ways to improve diabetes management in ethnic minority groups.
3330. Reflecting on parental insights into healthy lifestyles: a qualitative study.
Children living in the most deprived regions are more than twice as likely as their affluent peers to be obese. One way we can explain the social gradient of health (determined by relative position on the scale of social disadvantage or advantage) is by identifying the barriers and drivers to health that different groups of people experience. This study explored the understanding and perceptions of (and barriers and drivers to) a healthy lifestyle to investigate how commissioned services can better support residents to enable behaviour change in an area of high social deprivation. This community engagement activity was also conducted to inform commissioning decisions in children's public health services.
3331. Autoimmune diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes: an umbrella review.
作者: Megha Singh.;Steven Wambua.;Siang Ing Lee.;Kelvin Okoth.;Zhaonan Wang.;Fathima Fazla.;Ahamed Fayaz.;Kelly-Ann Eastwood.;Catherine Nelson-Piercy.;Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar.;Francesca Crowe.; .
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S84页
The prevalence of autoimmune conditions is two-fold higher in women than in men, especially during the reproductive years. Autoimmune conditions have been associated with a greater risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and some conditions have been studied more than others with inconsistent findings. The objective of this umbrella review was to identify, appraise, synthesise, and consolidate findings from published systematic reviews of autoimmune conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
3332. Dose-response of accelerometer-measured physical activity, step count, and cancer risk in the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort analysis.
作者: Alaina H Shreves.;Scott R Small.;Ruth C Travis.;Charles E Matthews.;Aiden Doherty.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S83页
Cancer is an age-related condition, but changes to modifiable lifestyle-related behaviours, including physical activity, could impact risk. While step count is an accessible metric of activity for older adults, its association with cancer risk remains poorly understood. We investigated the association between accelerometer-measured total activity, step count, and cancer risk.
3333. Impact of messaging informed by behavioural science on uptake of targeted lung health checks: a service evaluation.
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in the UK, and incidence is strongly associated with increasing age. Screening can improve survival by detecting cancer earlier. Targeted Lung Health Check (TLHC) programme is a lung cancer screening pilot offered to smokers or ex-smokers aged 55-74 years in certain areas of England. However, uptake remains as low as 20% in London. We did a service evaluation to assess the effect of adding messaging informed by behaviour science to invitation letters on TLHC uptake.
3334. Which workplace health initiatives work, for whom, in what contexts, and how? A rapid realist review.
作者: Charlotte Rothwell.;Mackenzie Fong.;Claire O'Malley.;Chloe Gay.;Callum Bradford.;Amelia Lake.;Frances Hillier Brown.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S81页
The work environment is an important determinant of health and health inequalities. Workplaces have a key role in preventing ill health. The WHO and Office for Health Improvement and Disparities encourage implementing employer-led workplace health award schemes tailored to specific contexts. Therefore, when designing and developing workplace initiatives it becomes imperative to know what works, for whom, and in what circumstances. This research aims to facilitate understanding of the various contexts and mechanisms through which workplace health initiatives are implemented while considering how these might affect employee health outcomes.
3335. Type of goals set and progress towards these goals, as part of a behaviour change intervention, in people with mild cognitive impairment: a secondary analysis.
作者: Tasmin Rookes.;Rachael Frost.;Yolanda Barrado-Martin.;Louise Marston.;Claudia Cooper.;Benjamin Gardner.;Megan Armstrong.;Kate Walters.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S80页
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects 5-20% of older people in the UK, but often goes undiagnosed and is associated with increased risk of dementia. Targeting risk factors such as physical inactivity and social isolation through behaviour-change interventions could reduce this risk. However, it is unclear how MCI impacts engagement with these interventions. We aimed to explore how MCI affects goal-setting priorities and progress towards these goals in a behaviour-change intervention (HomeHealth).
3336. Peer effects on health-related behaviours of adolescents in Scotland using social network analysis: a cross-sectional study.
作者: Srebrenka Letina.;Emily Long.;Kirstin Mitchell.;Claudia Zucca.;Mark McCann.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S8页
Previous research suggests that adolescent norms and behaviours may be influenced by peers. The aim of this study was to investigate social clustering of health outcomes among school friendship groups.
3337. Odds of gambling among adolescents: a secondary analysis of the cross-sectional European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs.
作者: Ciara Marie Edel Reynolds.;Joan Hanafin.;Salome Sunday.;Helen McAvoy.;Luke Clancy.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S79页
Gambling among adolescents is associated with gambling disorder in adulthood. This study investigated factors associated with gambling and excessive gambling in adolescents.
3338. Understanding ethnic inequalities in the design and implementation of digital health interventions for cardiometabolic disease: a qualitative study.
作者: Mel Ramasawmy.;Nushrat Khan.;David Sunkersing.;Amitava Banerjee.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S78页
The use of digital health interventions (DHIs), such as apps and wearable devices, for prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease, has been accelerated by the impact of COVID-19 on health-care services. Digital inequalities disproportionately affect those most at risk of wider health inequalities (e.g., older age, minority ethnicity, and lower household income) and might intersect with populations with higher cardiometabolic disease risk such as South Asians in the UK. We wanted to understand how those involved in DHI implementation perceive and address these inequalities, to help develop recommendations to reduce the risk of DHI implementation exacerbating existing health inequalities.
3339. Parental and health visitor perceptions on growth screening in early childhood: a qualitative study.
作者: Tahmid Rahman.;Joanna Orr.;Joseph Freer.;Isabella Cordani.;Andrew J Prendergast.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S77页
Growth screening in early childhood can help identify children with a range of medical and psychosocial vulnerabilities. In the UK, childhood growth and development up to age 5 years are assessed through the Healthy Child Programme, delivered by health visitors. However, formal criteria to trigger referrals for onward investigation are unclear. There is a lack of qualitative data on the acceptability and feasibility of formal growth screening programmes. This study aimed to build understanding of the perceptions and motivations of caregivers and health visitors in relation to child growth and growth screening.
3340. Attitudes and behaviours regarding e-cigarettes in people aged 15-30 years in the UK: a cross-sectional study.
作者: Ana-Catarina Pinho-Gomes.;Joseph Alvin Santos.;Alexandra Jones.;Sudhir Raj Thout.;Simone Pettigrew.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402 Suppl 1卷S76页
The use of e-cigarettes has been rising in the UK, with 7·7% of people aged over 16 years currently vaping daily or occasionally. Young people aged 16-24 years have the highest proportion of vapers at 11·1%. Therefore, this study investigated behaviours, attitudes, and beliefs about e-cigarettes among people aged 15-30 year in the UK.
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