Cirrhosis is associated with significant risk of comorbidity and early mortality. Low physical function is common in patients with cirrhosis and could predict prognosis. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), determined by maximal exercise with gas exchange measurement, has proven to predict the risk of mortality and disability in other chronic diseases. In patients with cirrhosis, it could help to inform prognostic stratification to improve care and management in clinical practice. This systematic review aims to determine the association between CRF (VO2Peak, percentage of predicted VO2Peak, Anaerobic Threshold (AT)) and mortality prediction, as well as morbidity prediction in cirrhosis.

Post-pancreatectomy diabetes (type 3c diabetes) is a frequent consequence of pancreatic cancer surgery and is characterized by extreme glycemic variability, high risk of severe hypoglycemia, and a substantial impact on quality of life and nursing workload. Technological solutions such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and closed-loop insulin delivery may help address these challenges.

Despite considerable advancements in recent decades, mortality and complications following liver resection remain high. The volume-outcome relationship has been the subject of extensive research and offers relevant potential for improvement of surgical outcomes. This review aims to examine the impact of hospital and surgeon volume on patient-relevant outcomes in liver resections and synthesize the available evidence.

This meta-analysis evaluates the prognostic significance of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, focusing on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) affects up to 80% of patients following sphincter-preserving rectal surgery, profoundly impacting quality of life. Transanal irrigation (TAI) has emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention; however, the current evidence remains heterogeneous regarding its effectiveness, adherence, and optimal delivery methods. The specific contribution of nursing support in TAI implementation has not yet been systematically evaluated.

Gastric bronchogenic cyst constitutes a rare form of ectopic bronchogenic cyst, with an estimated incidence of less than 1 in 68,000 to 1 in 42,000. This study reported a case who was preoperatively misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor and reviewed the literature on gastric bronchogenic cyst to summarize its clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, pathological manifestations, and prognosis.

To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) versus 3 L PEG in bowel preparation for colonoscopy, and to assess whether 2 L PEG can serve as a safe and effective standard regimen.

The evidence considering the potential protective impact of statins on the mortality rate caused by colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial. This study aimed to systematically assess the effect of statins on the survival rate of CRC patients.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a leading cause of chronic liver disorders globally, is closely linked with the dysbiosis of the gut. These microbial imbalances contribute to pathogenesis of MAFLD through intestinal barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and hepatic fat accumulation. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the complex interaction between the gut microbiome and MAFLD, through literature search of articles published in open access journals of two electronic data bases PubMed, Medline from January 2015 to May 2025. Among 602 publications identified initially, 54 studies were considered based on inclusion and exclusion criteria as per the PRISMA guidelines. The results assimilate the findings from both preclinical models and human clinical trials, highlighting the influence of probiotic strains on key metabolic pathways. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species were shown to regulate lipid metabolism, normalize liver enzyme activity, reduce insulin resistance, and attenuate hepatic inflammation. These effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including enhancement of gut barrier integrity, modulation of bile acid metabolismsuppression of endotoxemia and modulation of gut–liver axis. By summarizing emerging insights, this review offers an updated perspective on the role of probiotic interventions as a promising adjunct strategy in the prevention and management of MAFLD.

Intestinal failure (IF) is a rare but serious condition associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource use. Although consensus-based definitions for IF exist, their adoption in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) remains uncertain. This variability compromises the comparability of evidence and hinders the development of robust clinical guidelines. The aim of this study was to examine the conceptual and operational consistency of IF definitions in RCTs, assess methodological and reporting quality, and explore implications for research synthesis and clinical decision-making.

Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a rare, severe condition with over 80 monogenic causes. These often resist conventional therapies, necessitating targeted treatments such as biologics and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aimed to systematically review therapeutic outcomes.

Developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects platelet counts (PLT), which are involved in blood coagulation. However, the predictive or diagnostic utility of platelet characteristics in assessing IBD disease activity of inflammatory bowel disease. We conducted thisremains unknown. This meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively evaluate changes in platelet parameters during the active phase of IBD using a large sample size.

Pancreatitis, a debilitating disease, is orchestrated by many etiological factors. Besides the known causal genes, including PRSS1, SPINK1, CPA1, CFTR, etc., of late, TRPV6 has emerged as a new candidate in the list. We aimed to investigate the role of TRPV6 and its genetic variations in the etiopathology of pancreatitis.

Laparoscopic repair of gastroduodenal perforation has been widely used in clinical practice. With the advent of barbed sutures, the position of traditional absorbable sutures has been challenged, but the superiority of one over the other in terms of clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical studies of IBD robustly show elevated interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels in intestinal tissue, implicating the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which controls IL-1β secretion in myeloid cells. In this study, we aimed to ground potential NLRP3 involvement in IBD in molecular evidence from human studies.

Few studies describe gut microbiome signatures in treatment-naïve new-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We present a novel secondary bioinformatic reanalysis of sequence outputs mapped to the latest microbial taxonomy.

Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) diseases, encompassing hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders, pose substantial global health challenges due to their high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent research highlights the crucial role of the biliary microbiome in the development of these diseases.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with a heterogeneous clinical course, ranging from mild symptoms to life-threatening complications. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), an easily accessible inflammatory biomarker, has shown prognostic value in other conditions but has been understudied in AP. This review aimed to systematically evaluate the association between PLR and AP severity.