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1. Effects of the Combination of Pimavanserin and Atomoxetine on OSA Severity: A Randomized Crossover Trial.
作者: Ludovico Messineo.;Madison Preuss.;Ali Azarbarzin.;Daniel Vena.;Laura Gell.;Atqiya Aishah.;Neda Esmaeili.;Molly Kim.;Isabel Burdick.;Tom Chen.;David White.;Scott A Sands.;Andrew Wellman.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期223-235页
OSA pharmacologic interventions like the noradrenergic muscle stimulant atomoxetine have wake-promoting properties. Pimavanserin, a promising serotonin 2A receptor antagonist, may help to counteract atomoxetine's noradrenergic effects by increasing arousal threshold and possibly reducing OSA severity.
2. Inhaled Menthol for Dyspnea Relief During Cycle Exercise in COPD: A Randomized Trial.
作者: Michele R Schaeffer.;Lucas Vanden Bossche.;Kaat Beckers.;Kristin Verbeke.;Wim Janssens.;Dennis Jensen.;Jem I Arnold.;Andreas von Leupoldt.;Daniel Langer.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷2期390-401页
Menthol inhalation (MI) lowers dyspnea ratings during loaded breathing in COPD and cycle exercise in healthy adults. Proposed mechanisms include stimulation of cold receptors in the upper airways, modulating perception of breathing-related effort and airflow.
3. Diagnostic Yield and Synergistic Impact of Needle Aspiration and Forceps Biopsy With Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Yeon Wook Kim.;Hyung-Jun Kim.;Byoung Soo Kwon.;Ye Jin Lee.;Myung Jin Song.;Sung Hyun Yoon.;Sung Yoon Lim.;Yeon Joo Lee.;Jong Sun Park.;Young-Jae Cho.;Kyung Hee Lee.;Jin-Haeng Chung.;Yeon Bi Han.;Fabien Maldonado.;So Yeon Ahn.;Youngmi Park.;Dong-Hyun Joo.;Jae Ho Lee.;Choon-Taek Lee.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期236-247页
Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) is an advanced imaging-guided technique used to diagnose peripheral pulmonary lesions. However, the optimal strategy for selecting biopsy devices remains unclear.
4. Impact of Noninvasive Ventilation Before and After Cardiac Surgery for Preventing Cardiac and Pulmonary Complications: A Clinical Randomized Trial.
作者: Marion Goret.;Kevin Pluchon.;Raphaël Le Mao.;Ali Badra.;Jean-Ferréol Oilleau.;Yohann Morvan.;Marc Beaumont.;Gwenaëlle Desanglois.;Marie Guegan.;Aude Barnier.;Christophe Gut-Gobert.;Cécile Tromeur.;Christophe Leroyer.;Jean-Noël Choplain.;Ahmed Khalifa.;Eric Bezon.;Francis Couturaud.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷6期1727-1736页
The immediate postoperative period after heart surgery poses a substantial risk of life-threatening complications, notably acute pulmonary and cardiac failure. Use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may reduce the incidence of pulmonary or heart failure, or both.
5. Normosol-R vs Lactated Ringers in the Critically Ill: A Randomized Trial.
作者: Edward T Qian.;Ryan M Brown.;Karen E Jackson.;Li Wang.;Joanna L Stollings.;Robert E Freundlich.;Jonathan P Wanderer.;Edward D Siew.;Gordon R Bernard.;Wesley H Self.;Jonathan D Casey.;Todd W Rice.;Matthew W Semler.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷2期336-345页
Balanced crystalloid solutions may improve clinical outcomes compared with saline for some critically ill adults, but it is unclear whether differences in composition between balanced crystalloid solutions affect outcomes.
6. Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Hyperglycemia in Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Andrew J Franck.;Andrew L Hendrickson.;Evan D Telford.;BreAnna L Davids.;Irina Murray Casanova.;Abbie N Rosen.;Susheela Hadigal.;Robert C Ross.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷2期326-335页
Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) could potentially improve management of hyperglycemia compared with standard point-of-care glucose monitoring for critically ill patients. However, there is limited evidence to support routine use of CGMs in the ICU.
7. Modified Cuff Leak Test for Predicting the Risk of Reintubation in Patients With Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter, Single-Anonymized, Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Xiao Tang.;Yan-Mei Gu.;Yuan Shi.;Zhi-Ming Li.;Rui Cao.;Sheng-Gui Lu.;Yan-Bin Wu.;Yun-Feng Tao.;Zi-Yan Sun.;Yong-Jie Yin.;Cheng-Yi Liu.;Xiao-Bin Tang.;Gui-Fen Gan.;Xue-Jun Qin.;Dong Yin.;Hong-Bin Zhao.;Cheng-Ying Liu.;Lei Zhang.;Ping Fang.;Ling-Shuang Du.;Li Li.;Hai Tan.;Meng Li.;Ying-Ting Zuo.;Bing Sun.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期119-130页
The cuff leak test (CLT) is an important tool to assess the risk of upper airway obstruction after extubation.
8. Effect of Dupilumab on Health-Related Quality of Life and Respiratory Symptoms in Patients With COPD and Type 2 Inflammation: BOREAS and NOTUS.
作者: Surya P Bhatt.;Klaus F Rabe.;Nicola A Hanania.;Claus F Vogelmeier.;Mona Bafadhel.;Stephanie A Christenson.;Alberto Papi.;Dave Singh.;Elizabeth Laws.;Paula Dakin.;Jennifer Maloney.;Xin Lu.;Deborah Bauer.;Ashish Bansal.;Raolat M Abdulai.;Lacey B Robinson.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期56-66页
Patient-reported outcomes should be considered alongside clinical assessments to guide therapy for COPD.
9. Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Patients: Six-Month Mortality, Care Pathways, and Quality of Life.
作者: Nicolas Paul.;Elena Ribet Buse.;Julius J Grunow.;Stefan J Schaller.;Claudia D Spies.;Andreas Edel.;Björn Weiss.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期106-118页
There is limited knowledge about long-term mortality, care pathways, and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) among patients in the ICU receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV).
10. Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Survival in People With Interstitial Lung Disease.
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a beneficial intervention for people with interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, the effect of PR on survival is unclear. This study compared the survival outcomes in people with ILD who were allocated to PR vs those who were allocated to control in 2 published randomized controlled trials.
11. Video vs Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation After Cardiac Arrest: A Secondary Analysis of the Direct vs Video Laryngoscope Trial.
作者: Amelia L Muhs.;Kevin P Seitz.;Edward T Qian.;Brant Imhoff.;Li Wang.;Matthew E Prekker.;Brian E Driver.;Stacy A Trent.;Daniel Resnick-Ault.;Steven G Schauer.;Adit A Ginde.;Derek W Russell.;Sheetal Gandotra.;David B Page.;John P Gaillard.;Lane M Smith.;Andrew J Latimer.;Steven H Mitchell.;Nicholas J Johnson.;Shekhar A Ghamande.;Heath D White.;Kevin W Gibbs.;Jessica A Palakshappa.;Derek J Vonderhaar.;David R Janz.;Micah R Whitson.;Christopher R Barnes.;Alon Dagan.;Ari Moskowitz.;Vijay Krishnamoorthy.;James T Herbert.;Michael D April.;Aaron M Joffe.;Jeremy P Walco.;Christopher G Hughes.;Kipp Shipley.;Amelia W Maiga.;Bradley D Lloyd.;Stephanie C DeMasi.;Wesley H Self.;Todd W Rice.;Matthew W Semler.;Jonathan D Casey.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷5期1408-1415页
Airway management is a critical component of the care of patients experiencing cardiac arrest, but data from randomized trials on the use of video vs direct laryngoscopy for intubation in the setting of cardiac arrest are limited. Current American Heart Association guidelines recommend placement of an endotracheal tube either during CPR or shortly after return of spontaneous circulation, but do not provide guidance around intubation methods, including the choice of laryngoscope.
12. Low-Dose Melatonin for Prevention of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Trial.
作者: Lisa D Burry.;David R Williamson.;Michael E Detsky.;Francis Bernard.;Jennifer Foster.;Sangeeta Mehta.;Ruxandra Pinto.;Damon C Scales.;Louise Rose.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷5期1397-1407页
Delirium is a common and serious syndrome of acute brain dysfunction associated with negative outcomes. Melatonin may have a role in delirium prevention for critically ill adults based on data from noncritically ill patient populations. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial testing the hypothesis that low-dose melatonin prevents delirium in adults who are critically ill.
13. Effect of Famotidine on Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Peter J Leary.;Samuel G Rayner.;Kelley R H Branch.;Laurie Hogl.;Nancy M Liston.;Lia M Barros.;Jessi Prout.;Stephanie Nolley.;Jonathan Buber.;David D Ralph.;Jeffrey L Probstfield.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷1期189-199页
Adaptation of the right ventricle is a key determinant of outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite a compelling rationale to develop targeted therapies for the right ventricle in PAH, no such treatments exist. H2-receptor antagonism is a potential myocardial-focused paradigm in heart failure.
14. Effect of Flow Rates of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Extubation Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Sheng-Yuan Ruan.;Yao-Wen Kuo.;Chun-Ta Huang.;Ying-Chun Chien.;Chun-Kai Huang.;Lu-Cheng Kuo.;Jerry Shu-Hung Kuo.;Kuei-Pin Chung.;Shih-Chi Ku.;Jung-Yien Chien.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷5期1388-1396页
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has emerged as a promising intervention for postextubation oxygen therapy, with the potential to reduce the need for reintubation. However, it remains unclear whether using a higher flow setting provides better outcomes than the commonly used flow rate of 30 to 50 L/min.
15. The Effects of Low-Dose Morphine on Sleep and Breathlessness in COPD: A Randomized Trial.
作者: Thomas J Altree.;Alison J Pinczel.;Barbara Toson.;Kelly A Loffler.;Anna L Hudson.;Jim Zeng.;Simon Proctor.;Ganesh Naik.;Sutapa Mukherjee.;Peter Catcheside.;Andrew Somogyi.;David C Currow.;Danny J Eckert.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷6期1578-1590页
Low-dose morphine may be prescribed to reduce chronic breathlessness in COPD. Subjective findings suggest morphine may influence breathlessness through sleep-related mechanisms. However, concerns exist regarding opioid safety in COPD. The effects of morphine during sleep in COPD have not been objectively investigated. This study aimed to objectively determine the effects of low-dose morphine on sleep in COPD.
16. Virtual Reality Anatomy Trainer Turns Teaching Endobronchial Ultrasound Inside-Out.
作者: Melissa L New.;Tristan J Huie.;Dru Claar.;Timothy Amass.;Ryan A Peterson.;Max McGrath.;Nicholas Jacobson.;Anna Neumeier.;Darlene Nelson.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷5期1440-1450页
Traditional approaches for learning anatomy for curvilinear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) require learners to mentally visualize structures relative to the position of the bronchoscope. Virtual reality (VR) can show anatomy from the perspective of bronchoscopic tools.
17. Treatment With Oral or Inhaled Treprostinil in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Comorbidities.
作者: R James White.;Karim El-Kersh.;Stephan Rosenkranz.;Veronica Franco.;Carmine Dario Vizza.;Roberto Badagliacca.;Joanna Pepke-Zaba.;Jean Elwing.;Rahul G Argula.;Shelley Shapiro.;Hyoshin Kim.;Scott Seaman.;Eric Shen.;Manisit Das.;Meredith Broderick.;Vallerie McLaughlin.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷6期1746-1758页
An increasing number of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have cardiovascular comorbidities. However, the effects of comorbidities on responses to PAH treatment are not well understood.
18. Treatment of Acute Circulatory Failure Based on Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen (CO2-O2) Derived Indices: The Lactel Randomized Multicenter Study.
作者: Pierre-Grégoire Guinot.;Corentin Evezard.;Maxime Nguyen.;Sebastien Pili-Floury.;Vivien Berthoud.;Guillaume Besch.;Belaid Bouhemad.; .
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷4期1068-1078页
Acute circulatory failure is critical in patients in the ICU. Indices derived from oxygen and CO2 metabolism (CO2-O2-derived indices) including the central venous-to-arterial CO2 difference and central venous-to-arterial CO2 difference/arteriovenous oxygen content ratio are markers for global metabolic demand and tissue hypoxia.
19. Results of the Solriamfetol's Effect on Cognitive Health in Apnea Participants During a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study (SHARP): A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Repeated-Measures Crossover Phase IV Clinical Trial of the Effect of the Wake-Promoting Agent Solriamfetol on Cognitive Function in OSA With Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Cognitive Impairment.
作者: Hans P A Van Dongen.;Eileen B Leary.;Christopher Drake.;Richard Bogan.;Judith Jaeger.;Russell Rosenberg.;Caroline Streicher.;Herriot Tabuteau.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷3期863-875页
OSA causes episodes of fragmented sleep and intermittent hypoxia and leads to excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Deficits in cognitive function are a troublesome symptom in patients with OSA and EDS.
20. Comparison of Clinically Meaningful Improvements After Center-Based and Home-Based Telerehabilitation in People With COPD.
作者: Narelle S Cox.;Christine McDonald.;Angela T Burge.;Catherine J Hill.;Janet Bondarenko.;Anne E Holland.
来源: Chest. 2025年167卷4期1003-1011页
Response to pulmonary rehabilitation is not equal for all participants and may vary across health outcomes for any one individual. Alternative methods of pulmonary rehabilitation delivery, for example, telerehabilitation, may improve program access, but also could affect response to rehabilitation.
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