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6761. The role of viral infection in pulmonary exacerbations of bronchiectasis in adults: a prospective study.
作者: Yong-Hua Gao.;Wei-Jie Guan.;Gang Xu.;Zhi-Ya Lin.;Yan Tang.;Zhi-Min Lin.;Yang Gao.;Hui-Min Li.;Nan-Shan Zhong.;Guo-Jun Zhang.;Rong-Chang Chen.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷6期1635-1643页
Although viral infections are a major cause of exacerbations in patients with chronic airway diseases, their roles in triggering bronchiectasis exacerbations in adults remain unclear. Therefore, we prospectively investigated the incidence and clinical impacts of viral infection in adults with bronchiectasis exacerbations.
6762. Treatment of OSA reduces the risk of repeat revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention.
作者: Xiaofan Wu.;Shuzheng Lv.;Xiaohong Yu.;Linyin Yao.;Babak Mokhlesi.;Yongxiang Wei.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷3期708-718页
The impact of OSA treatment with CPAP on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes remains largely unknown.
6763. Lung transplantation for hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
作者: Ryan M Kern.;Jonathan P Singer.;Laura Koth.;Joshua Mooney.;Jeff Golden.;Steven Hays.;John Greenland.;Paul Wolters.;Emily Ghio.;Kirk D Jones.;Lorriana Leard.;Jasleen Kukreja.;Paul D Blanc.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷6期1558-1565页
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inhaled antigen-mediated interstitial lung disease (ILD). Advanced disease may necessitate the need for lung transplantation. There are no published studies addressing lung transplant outcomes in HP. We characterized HP outcomes compared with referents undergoing lung transplantation for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
6764. A pilot study of autofluorescence in the diagnosis of pleural disease.
作者: Feng Wang.;Zhen Wang.;Zhaohui Tong.;Lili Xu.;Xiaojuan Wang.;Yanbing Wu.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷5期1395-1400页
Conventional medical thoracoscopy (MT), routinely performed in patients with pleural disease, does not always lead to a conclusive diagnosis. The endoscopic appearance of pleural diseases under white light could be misleading. Autofluorescence has been shown to be an interesting and effective diagnostic tool. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of autofluorescence imaging during MT.
6765. Obesity and weight gain in relation to incidence of sarcoidosis in US black women: data from the Black Women's Health Study.
作者: Yvette C Cozier.;Patricia F Coogan.;Praveen Govender.;Jeffrey S Berman.;Julie R Palmer.;Lynn Rosenberg.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期1086-1093页
Sarcoidosis, a systemic disorder characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation, occurs more frequently among US black women, as do overweight and obesity. Little is known about the relation of overweight and obesity, which induce chronic inflammation, to incidence of sarcoidosis.
6766. Misclassification of OSA severity with automated scoring of home sleep recordings.
The advent of home sleep testing has allowed for the development of an ambulatory care model for OSA that most health-care providers can easily deploy. Although automated algorithms that accompany home sleep monitors can identify and classify disordered breathing events, it is unclear whether manual scoring followed by expert review of home sleep recordings is of any value. Thus, this study examined the agreement between automated and manual scoring of home sleep recordings.
6767. Trends in mortality from COPD among adults in the United States.
COPD imposes a large public health burden internationally and in the United States. The objective of this study was to examine trends in mortality from COPD among US adults from 1968 to 2011.
6768. Antibody αPEP13h reacts with lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells in lung nodules.
作者: Julio C Valencia.;Wendy K Steagall.;Yi Zhang.;Patricia Fetsch.;Andrea Abati.;Katsuya Tsukada.;Eric Billings.;Vincent J Hearing.;Zu-Xi Yu.;Gustavo Pacheco-Rodriguez.;Joel Moss.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷3期771-777页
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is characterized by the proliferation in the lung, axial lymphatics (eg, lymphangioleiomyomas), and kidney (eg, angiomyolipomas) of abnormal smooth muscle-like LAM cells, which express melanoma antigens such as Pmel17/gp100 and have dysfunctional tumor suppressor tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) genes TSC2 or TSC1. Histopathologic diagnosis of LAM in lung specimens is based on identification of the Pmel17 protein with the monoclonal antibody HMB-45.
6769. Short telomeres, telomeropathy, and subclinical extrapulmonary organ damage in patients with interstitial lung disease.
作者: Gautam George.;Ivan O Rosas.;Ye Cui.;Caitlin McKane.;Gary M Hunninghake.;Phillip C Camp.;Benjamin A Raby.;Hilary J Goldberg.;Souheil El-Chemaly.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷6期1549-1557页
Human telomere disease consists of a wide spectrum of disorders, including pulmonary, hepatic, and bone marrow abnormalities. The extent of bone marrow and liver abnormalities in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and short telomeres is unknown.
6770. Safety of flexible bronchoscopy, rigid bronchoscopy, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in patients with malignant space-occupying brain lesions.
作者: Horiana B Grosu.;Rodolfo C Morice.;Mona Sarkiss.;Lara Bashoura.;George A Eapen.;Carlos A Jimenez.;Saadia Faiz.;Donald R Lazarus.;Roberto F Casal.;David E Ost.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷6期1621-1628页
Bronchoscopy in patients with space-occupying brain lesions is anecdotally felt to carry a high risk of neurologic complications.
6771. Physiologic characterization of the chronic bronchitis phenotype in GOLD grade IB COPD.
作者: Amany F Elbehairy.;Natya Raghavan.;Sicheng Cheng.;Ling Yang.;Katherine A Webb.;J Alberto Neder.;Jordan A Guenette.;Mahmoud I Mahmoud.;Denis E O'Donnell.; .
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷5期1235-1245页
Smokers with persistent cough and sputum production (chronic bronchitis [CB]) represent a distinct clinical phenotype, consistently linked to negative clinical outcomes. However, the mechanistic link between physiologic impairment, dyspnea, and exercise intolerance in CB has not been studied, particularly in those with mild airway obstruction. We, therefore, compared physiologic abnormalities during rest and exercise in CB to those in patients without symptoms of mucus hypersecretion (non-CB) but with similar mild airway obstruction.
6772. Assessing the utility of ICU readmissions as a quality metric: an analysis of changes mediated by residency work-hour reforms.
ICU readmissions are associated with increased mortality and costs; however, it is unclear whether these outcomes are caused by readmissions or by residual confounding by illness severity. An assessment of temporal changes in ICU readmission in response to a specific policy change could help disentangle these possibilities. We sought to determine whether ICU readmission rates changed after 2003 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Resident Duty Hours reform ("reform") and whether there were temporally corresponding changes in other ICU outcomes.
6773. Exhaled air dispersion during noninvasive ventilation via helmets and a total facemask.
作者: David S Hui.;Benny K Chow.;Thomas Lo.;Susanna S Ng.;Fanny W Ko.;Tony Gin.;Matthew T V Chan.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷5期1336-1343页
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) via helmet or total facemask is an option for managing patients with respiratory infections in respiratory failure. However, the risk of nosocomial infection is unknown.
6774. Signs of right ventricular deterioration in clinically stable patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
作者: Mariëlle C van de Veerdonk.;J Tim Marcus.;Nico Westerhof.;Frances S de Man.;Anco Boonstra.;Martijn W Heymans.;Harm-Jan Bogaard.;Anton Vonk Noordegraaf.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期1063-1071页
Even after years of stable response to therapy, patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) may show an unexpected clinical deterioration due to progressive right ventricular (RV) failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess in 5-year clinically stable patients with IPAH whether initial differences or subsequent changes in RV volumes precede late clinical progression.
6775. Hospital discharges, readmissions, and ED visits for COPD or bronchiectasis among US adults: findings from the nationwide inpatient sample 2001-2012 and Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2006-2011.
Numbers and rates of hospitalizations and ED visits by patients with COPD are important metrics for surveillance purposes. The objective of this study was to examine trends in these rates from 2001 to 2012 among adults aged ≥ 18 years in the United States.
6776. Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy with a double-lumen endotracheal tube: a comparison of feasibility, gas exchange, and airway pressures.
作者: Maria Vargas.;Paolo Pelosi.;Gaetano Tessitore.;Fulvio Aloj.;Iole Brunetti.;Enrico Arditi.;Dorino Salami.;Robert M Kacmarek.;Giuseppe Servillo.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷5期1267-1274页
Gas exchange and airway pressures are markedly altered during percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT). A double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLET) has been developed for better airway management during PDT. The current study prospectively evaluated the in vivo feasibility, gas exchange, and airway pressures during PDT with DLET compared with a conventional endotracheal tube (ETT).
6777. The Apelin-APJ axis is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism in experimental acute lung injury.
作者: Xiao-Fang Fan.;Feng Xue.;Yue-Qi Zhang.;Xue-Ping Xing.;Hui Liu.;Sun-Zhong Mao.;Xiao-Xia Kong.;Yu-Qi Gao.;Shu F Liu.;Yong-Sheng Gong.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期969-978页
Although the mechanisms and pathways mediating ARDS have been studied extensively, less attention has been given to the mechanisms and pathways that counteract injury responses. This study found that the apelin-APJ pathway is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism that protects against ARDS.
6778. Exaggerated pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction in high-altitude dwellers with patent foramen ovale.
作者: Roman Brenner.;Lorenza Pratali.;Stefano F Rimoldi.;Carla Ximena Murillo Jauregui.;Rodrigo Soria.;Emrush Rexhaj.;Carlos Salinas Salmón.;Mercedes Villena.;Catherine Romero.;Claudio Sartori.;Yves Allemann.;Urs Scherrer.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期1072-1079页
There is considerable interindividual variability in pulmonary artery pressure among high-altitude (HA) dwellers, but the underlying mechanism is not known. At low altitude, a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is present in about 25% of the general population. Its prevalence is increased in clinical conditions associated with pulmonary hypertension and arterial hypoxemia, and it is thought to aggravate these problems.
6779. Trends in mechanical ventilation among patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD in the United States, 2001 to 2011.
作者: Mihaela S Stefan.;Meng-Shiou Shieh.;Penelope S Pekow.;Nicholas Hill.;Michael B Rothberg.;Peter K Lindenauer.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期959-968页
The use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute exacerbation of COPD has increased over time. However, little is known about patient factors influencing its use in routine clinical practice.
6780. Improved management of acute asthma among pregnant women presenting to the ED.
作者: Kohei Hasegawa.;Rita K Cydulka.;Ashley F Sullivan.;Mark I Langdorf.;Stephanie A Nonas.;Richard M Nowak.;Nancy E Wang.;Carlos A Camargo.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷2期406-414页
A multicenter study in the late 1990s demonstrated suboptimal emergency asthma care for pregnant women in US EDs. After a decade, follow-up data are lacking. We aimed to examine changes in emergency asthma care of pregnant women since the 1990s.
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