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6444. Blood Eosinophils and Outcomes in Severe Hospitalized Exacerbations of COPD.
作者: Mona Bafadhel.;Neil J Greening.;Theresa C Harvey-Dunstan.;Johanna E A Williams.;Michael D Morgan.;Christopher E Brightling.;Syed F Hussain.;Ian D Pavord.;Sally J Singh.;Michael C Steiner.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期320-8页
Patients with moderate exacerbations of COPD and the eosinophilic phenotype have better outcomes with prednisolone. Whether this outcome is similar in patients hospitalized with a severe exacerbation of COPD is unclear. We investigated the rate of recovery of eosinophilic and noneosinophilic exacerbations in patients participating in a multicenter randomized controlled trial assessing health outcomes in hospitalized exacerbations.
6445. Lung Ultrasonography to Diagnose Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn.
作者: Jing Liu.;Xin-Xin Chen.;Xiang-Wen Li.;Shui-Wen Chen.;Yan Wang.;Wei Fu.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷5期1269-75页
This study explored the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for diagnosing transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN).
6446. Developing an Interventional Pulmonary Service in a Community-Based Private Practice: A Case Study.
Interventional pulmonology (IP) is a field that uses minimally invasive techniques to diagnose, treat, and palliate advanced lung disease. Technology, formal training, and reimbursement for IP procedures have been slow to catch up with other interventional subspecialty areas. A byproduct of this pattern has been limited IP integration in private practice settings. We describe the key aspects and programmatic challenges of building an IP program in a community-based setting. A philosophical and financial buy-in by stakeholders and a regionalization of services, within and external to a larger practice, are crucial to success. Our experience demonstrates that a successful launch of an IP program increases overall visits as well as procedural volume without cannibalizing existing practice volume. We hope this might encourage others to provide this valuable service to their own communities.
6447. Patients With Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease Hospitalized for Acute Respiratory Worsening: A Large Cohort Analysis.
作者: Teng Moua.;Blair D Westerly.;Megan M Dulohery.;Craig E Daniels.;Jay H Ryu.;Kaiser G Lim.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷5期1205-14页
Acute respiratory worsening (ARW) requiring hospitalization in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (f-ILD) is common. Little is known about the frequency and implications of ARW in IPF and non-IPF ILD patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation (AE) vs known causes of ARW.
6448. Airway-Centered Fibroelastosis: A Distinct Entity.
作者: Pauline Pradere.;Clément Gauvain.;Claire Danel.;Marie Pierre Debray.;Raphael Borie.;Laurent Plantier.;Hervé Mal.;Michel Aubier.;Bruno Crestani.;Camille Taillé.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷3期767-74页
To describe a new entity characterized by airway-centered fibroelastosis.
6449. Long-term Course of Depression Trajectories in Patients With COPD: A 3-Year Follow-up Analysis of the Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints Cohort.
作者: Abebaw M Yohannes.;Hana Müllerová.;Nicola A Hanania.;Kim Lavoie.;Ruth Tal-Singer.;Jorgen Vestbo.;Steven I Rennard.;Emil F M Wouters.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期916-26页
There is insufficient evidence about the long-term course of depressive symptom trajectories and their impact among patients with COPD.
6450. Risk of Procedural Hemorrhage.
Patients who are critically ill and hospitalized often require invasive procedures as a part of their medical care. Each procedure carries a unique set of risks and associated complications, but common to all of them is the risk of hemorrhage. Central venous catheterization, arterial catheterization, paracentesis, thoracentesis, tube thoracostomy, and lumbar puncture constitute a majority of the procedures performed in patients who are hospitalized. In this article, the authors will discuss the risk factors for bleeding complications from each of these procedures and methods to minimize risk. Physicians often correct coagulopathy prior to procedures to decrease bleeding risk, but there is minimal evidence to support this practice.
6451. NADPH Oxidase-4 Overexpression Is Associated With Epithelial Ciliary Dysfunction in Neutrophilic Asthma.
作者: Wing-Yan Heidi Wan.;Fay Hollins.;Louise Haste.;Lucy Woodman.;Robert A Hirst.;Sarah Bolton.;Edith Gomez.;Amanda Sutcliffe.;Dhananjay Desai.;Latifa Chachi.;Vijay Mistry.;Cédric Szyndralewiez.;Andrew Wardlaw.;Ruth Saunders.;Christopher O'Callaghan.;Peter W Andrew.;Christopher E Brightling.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷6期1445-59页
Bronchial epithelial ciliary dysfunction is an important feature of asthma. We sought to determine the role in asthma of neutrophilic inflammation and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases in ciliary dysfunction.
6452. A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Sheath Cryoprobe for Bronchoscopic Lung Biopsy in a Porcine Model.
作者: Lonny B Yarmus.;Roy W Semaan.;Sixto A Arias.;David Feller-Kopman.;Ricardo O Amador.;Hans Bösmüller.;Peter B Illei.;Bernice O Frimpong.;Karen Oakjones-Burgess.;Hans J Lee.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期329-36页
Transbronchial forceps biopsy (FBx) has been the preferred method for obtaining bronchoscopic lung biopsy specimens. Cryoprobe biopsy (CBx) has been shown to obtain larger and higher quality samples, but is limited by its inability to retrieve the sample through the working channel of the bronchoscope, requiring the bronchoscope to leave the airway for sample retrieval.
6453. Association Between Occupational Exposures and Sarcoidosis: An Analysis From Death Certificates in the United States, 1988-1999.
作者: Hongbo Liu.;Divya Patel.;Alison M Welch.;Carla Wilson.;Margaret M Mroz.;Li Li.;Cecile S Rose.;Michael Van Dyke.;Jeffrey J Swigris.;Nabeel Hamzeh.;Lisa A Maier.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期289-98页
Sarcoidosis is a disease that is associated with occupational and environmental antigens, in the setting of a susceptible host. The aim of this study was to examine the association between sarcoidosis mortality and previously reported occupational exposures based on sex and race.
6454. Sex-Specific Prediction Models for Sleep Apnea From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
作者: Neomi Shah.;David B Hanna.;Yanping Teng.;Daniela Sotres-Alvarez.;Martica Hall.;Jose S Loredo.;Phyllis Zee.;Mimi Kim.;H Klar Yaggi.;Susan Redline.;Robert C Kaplan.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷6期1409-18页
We developed and validated the first-ever sleep apnea (SA) risk calculator in a large population-based cohort of Hispanic/Latino subjects.
6455. Spectrum Analysis of Endobronchial Ultrasound Radiofrequency of Lymph Nodes in Patients With Lung Cancer.
作者: Takahiro Nakajima.;Masato Shingyoji.;Takashi Anayama.;Hideki Kimura.;Kazuhiro Yasufuku.;Ichiro Yoshino.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷6期1393-9页
The aim of this study was to analyze the spectral features of the radiofrequency of lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and to determine its diagnostic value for detecting metastatic nodes in patients with lung cancer.
6456. Validity of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Diagnosis of Corticosteroid-Responsive Cough.
作者: Fang Yi.;Ruchong Chen.;Wei Luo.;Danyuan Xu.;Lina Han.;Baojuan Liu.;Siqi Jiang.;Qiaoli Chen.;Kefang Lai.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期1042-51页
Whether fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement alone or combined with sputum eosinophil and atopy is useful in predicting corticosteroid-responsive cough (CRC) and non-CRC (NCRC) is not clear.
6457. Persistent Challenges in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension.
Pulmonary hypertension and related pulmonary vascular diseases cause significant morbidities and high mortality and present many unique challenges toward improving outcomes in neonates, infants, and children. Differences between pediatric and adult disease are reflected in controversies regarding etiologies, classification, epidemiology, diagnostic evaluations, and therapeutic interventions. This brief review highlights several key topics reflecting recent advances in the field and identifies persistent gaps in our understanding of clinical pediatric pulmonary hypertension.
6458. The Clinical Value of Deflation Cough in Chronic Coughers With Reflux Symptoms.
作者: Federico Lavorini.;Elisa Chellini.;Francesca Bigazzi.;Elisabetta Surrenti.;Giovanni A Fontana.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷6期1467-72页
Patients with deflation cough (DC), the cough-like expulsive effort(s) evoked by maximal lung emptying during a slow vital capacity maneuver, also present symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. DC can be inhibited by prior intake of antacids. We wished to assess DC prevalence and association between DC and chemical characteristics of refluxate in patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.
6459. Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction in Idiopathic, Heritable and Connective Tissue-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
作者: Alice Huertas.;Carole Phan.;Jennifer Bordenave.;Ly Tu.;Raphaël Thuillet.;Morane Le Hiress.;Jérôme Avouac.;Yuichi Tamura.;Yannick Allanore.;Roland Jovan.;Olivier Sitbon.;Christophe Guignabert.;Marc Humbert.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷6期1482-93页
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) encompasses a group of conditions with distinct causes. Immunologic disorders are common features of all forms of PAH and contributes to both disease susceptibility and progression. Regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) are dysfunctional in patients with idiopathic PAH (iPAH) in a leptin-dependent manner. However, it is not known whether these abnormalities are specific to iPAH. Hence, we hypothesized that (1) Treg dysfunction is also present in heritable (hPAH) and connective tissue disease-associated PAH (CTD-PAH); (2) defective leptin-dependent signaling is present in hPAH and CTD-PAH and could contribute to Treg dysfunction; (3) modulating the leptin axis in vivo could protect against Treg dysfunction; and (4) restoration of Treg activity could limit or reverse experimental chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in vivo.
6460. The Effects of Azithromycin in Treatment-Resistant Cough: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
作者: David Hodgson.;John Anderson.;Catherine Reynolds.;Janet Oborne.;Garry Meakin.;Helen Bailey.;Dominick Shaw.;Kevin Mortimer.;Tim Harrison.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期1052-60页
Chronic cough is a common clinical problem worldwide. Although many patients have underlying precipitating conditions such as asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, or rhinitis, many remain symptomatic despite treating these conditions. New approaches are needed for the treatment of this group of patients.
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