Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), a rare and fatal liver cancer lacking effective drug therapy, is driven by the DNAJ-PKAc fusion oncoprotein. However, the underlying mechanism of DNAJ-PKAc's role in FLC tumour growth remains enigmatic.

We conducted an integrated cross-species spatial assessment of transcriptomic and metabolomic alterations associated with progression of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), which are bona fide cystic precursors of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Genome-wide association studies have identified an exon 6 CTRB2 deletion variant proposed to increase pancreatic cancer risk.

Precision cancer risk stratification for gastric cancer is urgently needed for the growing number of healthy people after Helicobacter pylori eradication. The epimutation burden in non-malignant tissues has been associated with cancer risk in multiple cross-sectional studies.

Pouchitis, defined as inflammation of the ileal pouch, is the most common complication following restorative proctocolectomy for refractory ulcerative colitis. Antibiotics remain the first line of therapy for pouchitis, but the majority of patients develop subsequent episodes and some are refractory to antibiotic therapy. This highlights the need for more effective treatment options and points to a more complex pathophysiology beyond the role of th pouch microbiome, similar to what is seen in inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we outline the putative mechanisms of pouchitis, including genetic predisposition, microbiome alterations, dysfunction of the intestinal barrier and the immune system and review the available animal models of pouchitis. In addition, we introduce the concept of pouchitis as a possible transmural disease and discuss the potential role of non-immune cells, including stromal cells, in perpetuating inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction. We discuss future directions, implications for novel therapies and propose novel multicellular disease models that can better capture the complexity of pouchitis pathogenesis.

Colonoscopy is among the standard tests for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. However, uptake varies, and alternatives such as colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) are available. The uptake and detection rate of clinically significant neoplasia with CCE, compared with colonoscopy, remain unclear in this setting.

Gut-liver crosstalk plays an important role in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) pathogenesis; but underlying mechanisms remain obscure.

Injured or reactive biliary epithelial cells participate in most chronic liver injuries in a process referred to as ductular reaction, which involves multicellular interactions with marked local infiltration of macrophages and fibrogenic cell activation. The direct roles of biliary epithelial cells in shaping their cellular niche remain unknown.

A rise in paediatric cases of acute hepatitis of unknown origin (AHUO) was observed in 2022, some requiring liver transplantation. A link to adeno-associated virus 2 infection and CD4+T-cell mediated disease was reported in cohorts in the UK and USA but does not explain all cases.

Recommendations for the first postpolypectomy surveillance colonoscopy (SC1), based on stratifying postpolypectomy colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, are well established. Limited data inform recommendations for surveillance beyond SC1.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease which, if untreated, often leads to cirrhosis, liver failure and death. The last British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guideline for the management of AIH was published in 2011. Since then, our understanding of AIH has advanced in many areas. This update to the previous guideline was commissioned by the BSG and developed by a multidisciplinary group. The aim of this guideline is to review and summarise the current evidence, in order to inform and guide diagnosis and management of patients with AIH and its variant syndromes. The main focus is on AIH in adults, but the guidelines should also be relevant to older children and adolescents.